rectorship of St. Paul's church, Philadelphia. He received the degree of D. D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1S07. Dr. Pilmore bequeathed half his fortune to the Protestant Episcopal church, and half t<> tin 1 Society of St. George, an organi/a- tion for the aid of English emigrants. He pub- lished "Narrative of Labors in South Wales" (Philadelphia, 1825), and left in manuscript an ac- count of his " Travels and Trials and Preaching " in various American colonies.
PIM, Bedford Clapperton Trevelyan, Brit-
ish naval officer, b. in Bideford, Devon, 12 June,
1826; d. in Deal, 30 Sept., 1886. He was the only
son of a captain in the British navy. lie was edu-
cated at the Royal naval school, went to India in
the merchant service, and on his return in 1842
was appointed a volunteer in the royal navy. He
was employed for several years in the surveying
service, made a voyage around the world in the
" Herald " in 1845-'51, and was engaged in the en-
tire search for Sir John Franklin through Bering
strait and Baffin bay. He saved the crew of the
" Investigator," which had been frozen in for three
years, and was the first man to make his way from
a ship on the eastern side of the northwest passage
to one on the western side. He was in active ser-
vice in the Russian war. and in China, where he was
wounded six times. He was made a commander.
19 April, 1858, visited the Isthmus of Suez, and
studied the question of an interoceanic canal in
1859, was sent to the West Indies in command of
the " Gorgon " in 1860. and employed on the coast
of Central America to prevent filibustering at-
tempts on the part of William Walker against
Nicaragua. He retired on half-pay in 1861, visited
Nicaragua in 1862 in company with Dr. Berthold
Seemann, and devoted himself for several years
to the project of interoceanic railway communi-
cation across that country and to the promotion of
mining interests there. He was made a captain,
16 April. 1868, and was retired in April, 1870. He
afterward studied law, was called to the bar of the
Inner Temple. 27 Jan., 1873, elected to parliament
as a Conservative in February, 1874, and retained
his seat till 1880. At the time of his death he was
the oldest arctic explorer. On 1he return of
Lieut. Adolphus W. Greely and his comrades from
the polar regions, he tendered them a banquet in
Montreal. He was a member of several scientific
societies, proprietor of "The Navy," and author of
"The Gate of the Pacific" (London, 1863); --Dot-
tings on the Roadside in Panama. Nicaragua, and
Mosquito," in conjunction with Dr. Berthold See-
mann (1869) ; " The War Chronicle " (1873) ; " Es-
say on Feudal Tenure"; and various pamphlets
and magazine articles.
PIMENTEL, Manoel (pe-men-tel'), Portuguese
geographer, b. in Lisbon in 1650; d. there in 1719.
He received a fine education and succeeded his
father as cosmographer, and became in 1718 pre-
ceptor of the prince that reigned afterward under
the name of Joseph I. He went several times to
South America to collect materials and documents
for his works, and was also appointed commissioner
to determine the limits of the colony of Sacra-
mento on the river Plate, residing three years in
the country and preparing a map. His principal
work is "Arte practica de navegar e roteiro das
viagemsas costas maritimas do Brasil. Guinea,
Angola, Indias e ilhas orientaes e occidentaes "
(Lisbon, 1699 ; revised ed., 1712). Navarrette in his
"Disertacion sobre la historia de la Nautica" and
Barbosa Machado in his "Bibliotheca Lusitana"
praise Pimentel as one of the ablest writers of his
time on the geography of South America.
PIXA, Ramon (peen'-yah), Cuban author, b. in
Havana in 1819; d. there in 1861. He studied in
his native city, where he was admitted to the bar
and practised his profession, at the same time cul-
tivating literature. His comedies. " No quiero ser
oonde," " Las Equivocaciones," and " Dios los jun-
ta." were performed in Havana with success. In
1857 he went to Spain, where he published his
novel, "Geronimo el honrado" (Madrid, 1858), and
" Historia de un brihon dichoso " (1859), which wn-e
praix'd for the purity of their style. His " Com-
entarios a las leyes Atenienses" (1860) are consid-
ered remarkable tor learning.
PINCHBACK, Pinekney Benton Stewart, governor of Louisiana, b. in Macon, Ga., 10 May, 1837. He is of African descent. In 1846 he was sent to school in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1848 his
father died, and he became a boatman. In 1862
he ran the Confederate blockade at Yazoo City and
reached New Orleans, then in possession of the
National troops. He enlisted, and was soon de-
tailed to assist in raising a regiment, but, owing to
his race, he was compelled to resign, 3 Sept., 1863.
He was subsequently authorized by Gen. Nathaniel
P. Hanks to raise a company of colored cavalry.
In 1867 he organized in New Orleans the 4th ward
Republican club, became a member of the state
committee, and was made inspector of customs on
22 May. He was a member of the Constitutional
convention of 1867. state senator in 1868, and was
sent to the National Republican convention of the
last-named year. He was appointed by President
Grant, in April, 1869, register of the land-office of
New Orleans, and on 25 Dec., 1870, established the
New Orleans " Louisianian." The same year he or-
ganized a company for the purpose of establishing
a line of steamers on Mississippi river. In March,
1871, he was appointed by the state board a school
director for the city of New Orleans, and on 6
Dec., 1871, he was elected president pro tempore of
the state senate, and lieutenant-governor to fill the
vacancy occasioned by the death of Oscar Dunn.
He was acting governor during the impeachment
of Gov. Warmoth from 9 Dec., 1872, to 13 Jan.,
1873. He was nominated for governor in 1872. but
withdrew in the interest of party peace, and was
elected on the same ticket as congressman. He was
chosen to the U. S. senate, 15 Jan.. 1873, but after
three years' debate he was disallowed his seat by a
vote of 32 to 29. although he was given the pay and
mileage of a senator. On 24 April, 1873, he was ap-
pointed a commissioner to the Vienna exposition
from Louisiana, and in 1877 he was appointed a
member of the state board of education by Gov.
Francis F. Nichols. On 8 Feb., 1879, he was
elected a delegate to the Constitutional conven-
tion of the state. Mr. Pinchback was appointed
surveyor of customs of New Orleans in 1882. and
a trustee of Southern university by Gov. McEncry
in 1883 and 1885. He was graduated at the law
department of Straight university. New Orleans,
and admitted to the bar in April, 1886.
P1NCHEIRA, Jose Antonio (pin-tchi'-e-rah), Chilian guerilla, b. in San Carlos about 1801 ; d. in Concepcion about 1850. He formed in early life with his two brothers and other adventurers a band of robbers, which for many years desolated the country south of Maule river. In November.' 1825, Pincheira joined a Spanish force of twenty-five men under an officer named Senosain, and unfurled the banner of the royalist cause, so that the government sent an army against him. Being hard pressed, he passsed the Andes and invaded the province of Mendoza, the government of which
made a regular treaty of peace with him. In 1830
