Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/439

he was captured by IIcssian dragoons. and wounded ' after his surrender. Un request of Gen. Washing- ‘ ton. Cornwallis permitted him to be taken to Will— iamsburg. where he died.

SCAMMON. Jonathan Young. lawyer. b. in Whitefield. Mc.. 27July. 1512: d. in Chicago. 111.. 17 March. 1890. He studied at “'aterville. from which he received the degree of 1.11.1). in 1869. studied law in llallowell. Me.. was admitted to the bar. and re- moved in 1-535 to Chicago. where he ' began the practice of his profession. He prepared anew edition of the laws of lllinois(“ Gale‘s Statutes"). was ap- pointed reporter of the supreme ' court. and pub- lished " Scam- mon‘s Reports " (-1 I v: »ls.. 1832—43). He associated Ez- ra B. McCagg with

him in 18-17. and

subsequently Samuel W. Fuller. in the firm of Seammon. McCagg. and Fuller. He took an im- portant part in pioneer enterprises. was one of the main organizers and directors of the first rail- road west of Lake Michigan. the Galena and (‘hi- ' cago (now the Northwestern). laid the foundation of the first successful public-school system in Chi- cago, and actively identified himself with many societies. He was one of the founders of the Chi- cago astronomical society aml its first president. and built and maintained at his own expense for many years Dearborn observatory. in which was placed the first grand refractor that was manufac- tured by Alvan Clark and Sons, of Cambridge. Mass. The observatory cost. $30000. He acquired wealth. most of which was lost in the great fire of 1871 and the panic of 1873. and he was at the head of several large and successful financial institutions. Mr. Scammon was a Whig. and a Republican in politics. He was one of several gentlemen that established the “Chicago American “ in 18-14 to aid | in the election of Henry Clay. and when, in 1.3723. the Chicago "Tribune" favm‘cd the election of Ilorace Greeley. he established the " Inter-Ocean " as a Republican paper. He was a Swedenlmrgian. was the first of that. belief in Chicago. instituted the Chicago society of the New Jerusalem and the Illinois association of that church. and was for ten years vice-president of the general convention of his denomination in the United States. He was the first layman to introduce the hmnceopathic system of medicine in Chicago. aml founded the 11almemann hospital. of which and the llahne- mann medical college he continued many years a l trustee. Many acts of the legislature originated with him. especially those reforming the circu- lating medium and ’driving out of circulation the depreciated currency that inundated Illinois and the northwest. lle lmd been officially connect- ed with the city. county. and state govermnent. and a member of the legislature. and of the Re- publican national conventions of 1813-1 and 1-872. Mr. Scammon contributed largely to the periodical press—His brother. Eliakim Parker. soldier. b. in Whitefield. Me.. 27 Dec.. 1816: d. in New York city. 7 Dec., 1894. He was graduated at the L'. S. military academy in 1-337. In January. 1838. he was appointed 2d lieutenant of topographical engineers. and he was assistant professorof mat he- matics at West Point from 1837 till 1N3N. and of ethic.- from 18-11 till 15-16. He was aide-de-camp to Gen. Winfield Scott in Mexico in 1846—‘7. engaged on the survey of the northern lakes in INT—54. in 1553 became captain. In 1556 he was dis- missed the army for " disobedience of orders." He was then professor in Mount St. Mary's col— lege. Cincinnati. Ohio. in 1556—‘8. aml president of the polytechnic college in that city from 1859—131. He became colonel of the 23d ()hio regiment in June. 1861. served in western Virginia and Mary- land. and was promoted brigadier-gencral of vol- unteers. 15. Oct.. 1562. for gallant conduct at the battle of South Mountain. Md. He commanded the district of Kanawha from November. 1862. till 3 Feb.. 1864. was a prisoner of war from the latter date till 3 Aug.. aml then led a separate brigade at Morris island. S. C. From November. 1564. till April. 1365. he was in charge of the district of Flor- ida. He was U. S. consul in Prince Edward island from 1866 till 1870. aml afterward professor of mathematics and history in Seton Hall college. Orange. N. J .—Another brother. Charles )1 ell- ville. navigator. b. in Pittston. Me.. :.'H May. 15:25. became a ship-captain and sailed to California in 1850. He engaged in the whale-fishery and discov- ered the habitat of the gray whale in a bay on the coast of California. which was named Scamnion lagoon. At the beginning of the civil war in 1‘5'61 he became commander of a If. S. revenue cutter in San FrancisCO. and he was subsequently appointed captain in that branch of the service. in which he still remains. Ilc is the author of a work on “ The Marine Mammals of the Northwestern Coast of America and the American Whale Fishery " (San Francisco. HIT-I).

SCANLAN. Lawrence. R. C. bishop. b. in Ballintarsna. County Tipperary. Ireland. 28 Sept. 1-543. He studied classics in Thurles in 1861). and in 1th3 entered the mission college of All Hallows, Dublin. to prepare for the priesthood. He was or— dained priest in 1&58. and immediately embarked for the United States. where he was appointed as- sistant pastor of St. Patrick's church. San Francis- co. In 1871 he was sent to Pioche. Nevada. which had become suddenly a place of great importance, owing to the discovery of mines. He built a church, the first in this part of the state. and was bringing about a marked change in the reckless lives of the miners. when. in 11473. he was transferred to Salt Lake City. A few years afterward he was appoint- ed vicar forane of the territory of Utah. In this post he gave proof of financial ability as well as missionary zeal. After liquidating a heavy debt on the church in Salt Lake. he secured a site for an academy in 1875. To collect funds for the purpose he travelled on horseback night and day through every part of the territory. and before the end of the year he succeeded in erecting the finest building of the kind in Utah. He afterward built five churches. five schools. and two hospitals. In 15H] be erected a fine hospital in Salt Lake City. In 1556 he founded the College of All Hallows, which is the largest school-building within a range of 1.00!) miles. Dr. Scanlan was his own architect and superintendent in erecting these buildings. all of which were built by the contributions of the Roman Catholics of Utah without aid from any other quarter. He was made bishop in 1887. and transferred in 1991 to Salt Lake.

SCANNELL. Richard. R. C. bishop. b. in Colinty Cork. Ireland. 12 May. 18-15. After completing a course of mathematics and classics in a college