but the condition of his health prevented him from accepting a permanent pastorate. He resided for five years in St. Augustine, Fla., studied law with his uncle, Kiah B. Sewall, of Mobile, Ala., returned to Maine before the civil war, was admitted to the bar in I860, and has since practised in Wiscassett. He is the author of a " Memoir of Joseph Sewall, D. D." (Boston, 1846) ; " Lectures on the Holy Spirit and his Converting Power " (1846) ; " Sketches of St. Augustine and its Advantages for Invalids " (New York, 1848); and "Ancient Dominions of Maine" (Bath, 1859). Jotham's grandson. John Smith, educator, b. in Newcastle, Me., 20 March, 1830, was graduated at Bowdoin in 1850, went with the expedition of Com. Matthew C. Perry on the " Sarataga " as captain's clerk to China and Japan, taught for a year after his return, then entered Bangor theological seminary, and was graduated in 1858. He was pastor of the Congregational church at Wenham, Mass., till 1867, when he became pro- fessor of rhetoric and English literature at Bow- doin. He exchanged this chair in 1875 for that of homiletics at Bangor theological seminary.
SEWARD, Theodore Frelinghuysen, musician, b. in Florida, N. Y., 25 Jan., 1835. He is a cousin of William H. Seward. He left his father's farm at the age of eighteen to study music under
Lowell Mason and Thomas Hastings, became
organist of a church in New London, Conn., in
1857, and in Rochester, N. Y., in 1859, removed to
New York city in 1867, and conducted the " Musi-
cal Pioneer," and afterward the New York " Musi-
cal Gazette." He first became interested in the
tonic sol-fa system during a visit to England in
1869, and on his return endeavored ineffectually to
introduce the method without adopting the nota-
tion. He subsequently took charge of the perform-
ances of the " Jubilee singers," wrote down more
than one hundred of their plantation melodies, and,
while making the tour of Europe with them, in
1875-'6, became more impressed with the advan-
tages of the new system of musical instruction.
After a course of study at the Tonic sol-fa college
in London, he returned to the United States in
1877, intending to make the establishment of the
system his sole purpose. Besides writing on the
subject for many religious and educational jour-
nals, and lecturing before gatherings of teachers,
he has edited the " Tonic Sol-Fa Advocate " and
the " Musical Reform." taught the system in
classes and public schools, and prepared a series of
text-books. He was the founder of the American
tonic sol-fa association, and of the American vocal
music association. In conjunction with Lowell
Mason, he prepared "The Pestalozzian Music-
Teacher" (New York, 1871). Among his other pub-
lications are " The Sunnyside Glee-Book " (New
York, 1866); "The Temple Choir" (1867); and
" Coronation " (1872).
SEWARD, William Henry, statesman, b. in
Florida, Orange co., N. Y., 16 May, 1801 ; d. in Au-
burn, N. Y., 10 Oct., 1872. His father, Dr. Sam-
uel S. Seward, descended from a Welsh emigrant
to Connecticut, combined medical practice with a
large mercantile business. His mother was of 1 ri.-li
extraction. The son was fond of study, and in 1816
entered Union, after due preparation at Farmers'
Hall academy, Goshen, N. Y. He withdrew from
college in 1819, taught for six months in the
south, and after a year's absence returned, and was
graduated in 1820. After reading law with John
Anthon in New York city, and John Duer and
Ogden Hoffman in Goshen, he was admitted to tin-
bar at Utica in 1823, and in January, 1823. settled
in Auburn, N. Y., as the partner of Elijah Miller,
the first judge of Cayiiga county, whose daughter,
Frances Adeline, he married in the following year.
His industry and his acumen and power of logical
presentation soon gave him a place among the
leaders of the bar. In 1824 he first met Thurlow
Weed at Rochester, and a close friendship between
them, personal and political, continued through
life. In that year also he entered earnestly into
the political contest as an advocate of the election
of John Quincy Adams, and in October of that year
drew up an address of the Republican convention
of Cayuga county, in which he arraigned the " Al-
bany regency " and denounced the methods of Mar-
tin Van Buren's supporters. He delivered an an-
niversary address at Auburn on 4 July, 1825. He
was one of the committee to welcome Lafayette,
and in February, 1827, delivered an oration expres-
sive of sympathy for the Greek revolutionists. On
12 Aug., 1827, he presided at Utica over a great
convention of young men of New York in support
of the re-election of John Q. Adams. He declined
the anti-Masonic nomination for congress in 1828,
but joined that party on the dissolution of the
National Republican party, with which he had pre-
viously acted, consequent upon the setting aside of
its candidate for Andrew Jackson. In 1830 he was
elected as the anti-Masonic candidate for the state
senate, in which body he took the lead in the oppo-
sition to the dominant party, and labored in behalf
of the common schools and of railroad and canal
construction. He proposed the collection of docu-
ments in the archives of European governments for
the "Colonial History of New York," advocated
the election of the mayor of New York by the direct
popular vote, and furthered the passage of the bill
to abolish imprisonment for debt. At the close of
the session he was chosen to draw up an address of
the minority of the legislature to the people. On
4 July, 1831, he gave an address to the citizens of
Syracuse on the " Prospects of the United States."
On 31 Jan., 1832, he defended the U. S. bank in an
elaborate speech in the state senate, and at the close
of that session again prepared an address of the
minority to their constituents. In 1833 he travelled
through Europe, writing home letters, which were
afterward published in the "Albany Evening Jour-
nal." In January, 1834, he denounced the removal
of the U. S. bank deposits in a brilliant and ex-
haustive speech. He drew up a third minority
address at the close of this his last session in the
legislature. On 16 July, 1834, he delivered a eulogy
of Lafayette at Auburn.
The Whig party, which had originated in the opposition to the Jackson administration and the " Albany regency," nominated him for governor on 13 Sept., 1834, in the convention at Utica. He was defeated by William L. Marcy, and returned to the practice of law in the beginning of 1835. On 3 Oct. of that year he made a speech at Auburn on education and internal improvements. In July, 1836, he quitted Auburn for a time in order to assume an agency at Westfield to settle the differences between the Holland land company and its tenants. While there he wrote some political essays, and in July, 1837, delivered an address in favor of universal education. He took an active part in the political canvass of 1837, which resulted in a triumph of the Whigs. He was again placed in nomination for uo - ernor in 1S38. and after a warm canvass, in which he was charged with having oppressed settlers for the benefit of the landcompany.anil was assailed by anti- slavery men, who had failed to draw from him an rxptv-sion of abolitionist principles, lie was elected by a majority of 10,421. The first Whig governor was hampered in his administration by rivalries and
