Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 7).djvu/131

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FAIRBANK. Calvin. clergyman. b. in Pike, N. Y., ;J Nov.. 1H16; il. in An,i,'i'licii. N. Y.. 12 Oct., 1898. I le was graduated from Uberlin, and tluring his colloKC days made the acquaintance of Gerrit Smith, Theodore Parker, and Joshua K. Giddings, adopting their views and working with tlieni. In 1844 he learne<l that a beau- tiful woman who had only one-sixty- fourth of negro blood was to be sold by her father for the New Orleans market. Mr. Fair- bank liastily raised %'1:1'17) from Salmon V. Chase and other Cincinnati citizens, attendetl the auc- tion, bought her anti set her free in Ohio, where she now (1N!K») lives, happily

mariie<l. For one

of his many adventures in liehalf of the slaves Mr. Fairbank was sentenced to fiftetjn years' imprison- ment at Frankfort, Ky. On Iwing pardoned in 1849,he at once tried to prevent the passage of the Fugitive slave bill, and on its becoming a law he resisted its execution. This time he was Kidnapped and .sentenced to fifteen years' imprisonment at hard labor. During the war he was relea.scd. but the floggings he had suffered and the lllth and want in which he had lived maile him an old man at forty. Prom 18fi5 to 1875 he was eniploye<l bv various missionary and religious siK-ieties of New York. In 1893 he publishe<l a volume en- titled "IIow the Way was prepure<l," which gave an account of his eventful life in the slavery days.

FAIRBANKS. Charles Warren, senaior.'b. near L'nionville Centre, Ohio, 11 May, 18.')2. He was grailuate<l from the Western university in 1872, and a<lopte<l the profession of the law. Re- moving to Indiana he was in 1802 elected chair- man of the Republican state convention, and four years later wa-s a delegate-at-large to the Republi- can national convention at St. Louis, lie was elected to the U. S. s<Miate as a Kepublicun, 20 Jan., 1897, by a majority of 21 on joint ballot over Daniel V. Voorhces and Leroy Templeton. Mr. Fairbanks never held any office prior to his elec- tion to the senate. His term will expire in 1903.

FANSHAW, Daniel, printer, b. in New York city in 1789: d. there, 20 Feb., 1860. He was aj)- prenticed to a printer, ami shortly after attaining nis majority entennl business for himself. He be- came printer to the Bible socictv, then newlv formeil, in 1817, and held that contract till 1840. He was also printer to the Tract society for many years. In 18'29 he introduced power presses, and was the first printer of books by machinery in New York. He accumulated a large fortune, part of which he left to his son, on the condition that he abstain from the use of tobacco.

FARLEY. John Murphy. R. C. bishop, b. at Newtown Hamillon. Ireland, 8 April, 1842. He was educuteil at .Si. Macartan's college. Monaghan, at St. John's college, Fortlham, at .St. .lose[)h's sem- inary, Troy, and he spent four years in the study of theology in the American college at Rome, where he was ordained a priest in June, 1870. He was assistant rector of St. Peter's church, at New Brighton, Staten Island, in 1870, and from 1872 to 1884 secretary to Archbishop MeCloskey. He was made a private chamberlain to Poiw Leo XIII. with the title of monsignore in 1884, vicar-general of the archdiocese of New York in 1891, domestic prelate of Pope Leo XIIL in 1892, prothonotary apostolic in 1895, and was appointed auxiliary bishop of New York in 1895. He was consecrated under the title of bishop of Teugma in December, 1895, by Archbishop Corrigan in St, Patrick's ca- thedral. While assistant in the episcopal labors be continues to be a member of the archbishop's council and also his vicar-general.

FERMOY. Matthias Alexis Roche de, French soldier, b. iti the West Indies about 1737; d. after 1778. He was thirty-fourth on the list of Continen- tal brigadier-generals, his commission datingS Nov.. 1778. On coming to this country in that year and offering his .services to congress, Fermoy represent- ed himself as a colonel of engineers in the French army. He served under Washington in the Tren- ton-Princeton campaign. On 1 Jan., 1777, he wius or- dered to take his brigade to hold an advanced post at Mile-Run, Iteyond Maiden-Head (now Lawrence- ville). That night he returned to Trenton, leaving his command in a somewhat questionable way. The same year (1777) he was place*! in command of Fort Independence, opposite Fort Ticonderoga. b^ orders of congress, and against the protest of Washington. On the retreat of Gen. Arthur St. Clair from Ticonderoga, Fermoy, against, the or- ders of the commanding general, set fire to his quarters on Mount Independence at two o'clock on tlie morning of 6 July, 1777, thus revealing to Burgoyne .St. Clair's evacuation of Ticonderoga. Had it not been for this St. Clair would have made good his retreat in safety. In Di'eeud)er, 1777, he applied for promotion to a major-generalship, but congress on 31 Jan., 1778. refused his request, and on 16 Feb., 1778. he was allowetl to resign, receiving- f800 to enable him to return to the West Indies.

FERRIS. George Washington (iale. engineer, b. in Galesburg. HI.. 4 Feb.. 1H.")9: d. in Pittsburg, I'a., 22 Nov., 1896. After attending school in Car- son City, Nev., and San Francisco, Cal., where his early life was spent, he entere<l Rens.sclaer polytech- nic s«Oiool.Troy, X. Y., and was graduated in 1881. After work as a civil engineer in West Virginia and Kentucky, he conceive*! the plan of buiMing the gigantic revolving wheel known by his name, which was a consjiicuous feature of the Columbian exposition in Chicago in 1893. He orguiiized the firm thai constructed it and superintended its erec- tion. The wheel's diameter was 250 feel, and it turned on a steel axle 32 inches in diameter and 45 feet long. Thirty-six carriages, each holding 40 persons, were hung at regular intervals to the outer tire, and in these many thousand passengers were carried in safety during the exhibition.

FEWKES. Jesse Walter, archn-ologi.st. b. in Newlon. Ma.ss.. 14 Nov., 18."i0. He was graduated from Harvard in 1H75. an<l then spent two years in ZfKilogical sluilies in Kurope. receiving in 1877 the degree of Ph. D. from Harvard. In 1880 he was appointed assistant in charge of the invertebrala in the >luseum of comparative zoology in Cambridge, where he remained for nine years. During 1890-'4 he was director of the Hcmenway southwestern