1868.] Stained Glass in Memorial Buildings. 401 that all the water may be discharged from the supply-pipe, as well as from the cistern. An overflow, or air-pipe, is in all cases absolutely necessary. This should be, at least, six inches in diame- ter. An entrance must not be over- looked ; and, where the cistern is of any considerable length, two would be prefer- able. These are made circular, about two feet sis inches in diameter, with case and covers, which should be of iron. We have frequently constructed cis- terns, upon the above principles — that is, of a tunnel, or culvert, closed at both ends— of from 100 to 200 feet in length and eight feet in diameter, in localities, where the entire supply depended, alto- gether, on rain-water. They were, in every instance, found to answer in all respects ; and to be amply sufficient to meet the requirements of stock, as well as domestic purposes, on large plantations. The water kept within reservoirs of this description is found to bear the same temperature, never varying throughout the different seasons of the year. Finally, we must again refer to, and insist upon, the necessity of caution in the conveyance and preservation of water, with a view to its perfect purity. The Romans paid so much attention to this subject, that a civil officer, enti- tled the Aquator, was commissioned to preside over the supply of water for the city, one of whose duties was, to test its purity constantly, and, on detecting the slightest change in color, taste, or smell, to report to the government, whereupon, an investigation being had, the necessary steps were immediately taken ; and the health of the citizens insured, by this sanitary guai'dianship. STAINED GLASS IN MEMORIAL WINDOWS, THE following extracts are taken at random from the July and August numbers of the London "Builder , 'for this year, out of a column regularly devoted to the exclusive purpose of chronicling any such presentations of memorial windows, and briefly describing them. We have selected these with the design of exhibiting to our readers what is being done every day in England, throughout every parish and every vil- lage, in the way of beautifying. and em- bellishing their churches and chapels; and, at the same time, erecting memo- rials of love and affection to departed relatives, friends, or benefactors. We are aware that this praiseworthy and prevalent custom there is beginning to be developed amongst ourselves ; but it is with the earnest hope of stimulating its growth, and urging it on to a still more extended development, throughout our land, that we have brought the sub- ject before our readers. Surely there can be no more beautiful or chaste token of the remembrance of the friends whom we have lost, than a memorial, stained-glass window in the church in which we have so often wor- shipped in company with them, appeal- ing, as it does, at once to our feelings, sensibilities, and our innate love for the beautiful. We feel sanguine that it needs only greater publicity to become custo- mary throughout the country, our peo- ple being always eager and enthusiastic in the embellishment of their place of worship ; and likely to be still more so, when, in carrying out this object, the}'
