Rods, 0.4 to 0.5 by 1.0 to 1.5 microns, occurring singly and in pairs. Motile, possessing a bundle of five to seven polar flagella. Gram-negative.
Gelatin colonies: Smooth, soft, flat, spreading, brownish yellow, entire. Medium becomes yellowish green fluorescent.
Gelatin stab: Growth along stab. Liquefaction with yellowish white sediment.
Agar colonies: Circular, raised, smooth, amorphous, entire.
Agar slant: Lemon-yellow, moist, mucoid, gistening, becoming light green-fluorescent.
Broth: Turbid, with slimy white sediment. No pellicle.
Litmus milk: Flocculent precipitation. Slow peptonization with yellow serum. Alkaline.
Potato: Dirty yellow, moist, glistening, entire.
Indole produced.
Nitrates reduced to nitrites and ammonia. No gas formed.
Acid from glucose. No acid from lactose or sucrose.
Aerobic, facultative.
Optimum temperature, 22° C. Scant growth at 35° C.
Distinctive character: Grows in broth containing up to 6 per cent by volume of alcohol.
Source: Isolated from beer.
Habitat: Found in materials undergoing alcoholic fermentation, but probably also occurs elsewhere.
11. Pseudomonas schuylkilliensis Chester, 1901. (Bacillus fluorescens schuylkilliensis Wright, Memoirs Natl. Acad. Sci., 7, 1895, 448; Chester, Man. Determ. Bact., 1901, 320.)
schuyl.kil.li.en′sis. Schuylkill, name of a river; M.L. adj. schuylkilliensis of the Schuylkill.
Short rods, with rounded ends, occurring singly, in pairs and in chains. Motile, possessing a polar flagellum. Gram-negative.
Gelatin colonies: Grayish white, translucent. Medium becomes bluish green fluorescent.
Gelatin stab: Slow crateriform liquefaction, with blue-green fluorescence.
Agar slant: Grayish, translucent growth. Medium shows greenish fluorescence.
Broth: Turbid, with delicate pellicle and blue-green fluorescence. Stringy sediment.
Litmus milk: Alkaline. Coagulated, with slow reduction of litmus; peptonized.
Potato: Brownish, spreading, viscid, thick.
Indole produced (trace).
Aerobic, facultative.
Does not grow at 35° to 36° C.
Source: Isolated from Schuylkill River water.
Habitat: Water.
12. Pseudomonas synxantha (Ehrenberg, 1840) Holland, 1920. (Vibrio synxanthus Ehrenberg, Verhandl. d. Berl. Akad., 1840, 202; Holland, Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 220.)
syn.xan′tha. Gr. pref. syn- along with, together; Gr. adj. xanthus yellow; M.L. adj. synxanthus with yellow.
Description from Hammer (Res. Bull. 20, Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta., 1915); also see Zimmermann (Bakt. unserer Trink- und Nutz-wässer, Chemnitz, 2, 1890, 44).
Rods, 0.5 to 0.6 by 1.3 to 2.2 microns, occurring singly and in pairs. Motile with polar flagella (Hammer, personal communication, 1944). Gram-negative.
Gelatin stab: Liquefied; a greenish tinge, a heavy, flocculent sediment and a partial membrane and ring appear in two weeks.
Agar colonies: After 72 hours, large, spreading, transparent; bluish cast by reflected light. Colonies may show flesh color (Zimmermann).
Agar slant: Growth raised, shiny, white, becoming brown and heavy.
Agar stab: Growth heaviest near the surface, becoming light brown, heavy, spreading.
Broth: Turbid, becoming alkaline and green; pellicle and brittle membrane form in older cultures. With the addition of glucose or galactose, black granules form on the membranes of older cultures.
Uschinsky's and Dunham's solutions: Turbid, occasionally becoming green.
Litmus milk: Coagulated; casein digested in older cultures. Litmus reduced.
Potato: Growth spreading, brown with greenish edges.
