rapid. Slightly raised, yellow, butyrous in young cultures, difficult to pick up in old cultures.
Broth: Turbid in 24 hours.
Milk: White curd in bottom. Litmus a dirty wine color in supernatant liquid.
Uschinsky's medium: Good growth.
Fermi's solution: Scant growth.
Indole not produced.
Hydrogen sulfide not produced.
Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Ammonia produced from peptone.
Acid but no gas from arabinose, glucose, fructose, galactose, lactose, maltose, mannitol, raffinose, sucrose and xylose. Glycerol not attacked. Tartrate utilized.
Starch hydrolyzed.
Temperature relations: Optimum, between 22° and 28° C. Minimum, 10° C. Maximum, 37° C. Thermal death point, 50° C.
Source: Six isolates from gardenia leaf spots.
Habitat: Causes a spot on young leaves of gardenias.
25. Xanthomonas malvacearum (Erw. Smith, 1901) Dowson, 1939. (Pseudomonas malvacearum Erw. Smith, U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Veg. Phys. and Path., Bull. 28, 1901, 153; Dowson, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.)
mal.va.ce.a'rum. L. malva the mallow; M.L. fem.pl.n. Malvaceae the mallow family; M.L. fem.pl. gen.n. malvacearum of the mallows.
Description from Elliott (Man. Bact. Plant Pathogens, 1930, 153) and Lewis (Phytopath., 20, 1930, 723).
Rods. Motile with a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative.
Gelatin: Liquefied.
Agar slants: Growth moderate, convex, smooth, glistening, pale yellow, wavy to irregular margins.
Broth: Slight to moderate turbidity. Sediment.
Milk: Casein precipitated and slowly digested.
Nitrites not produced from nitrates.
Hydrogen sulfide produced (Burkholder).
Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600).
Acid but no gas from glucose, galactose. fructose, xylose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, raffinose, glycerol, inulin and glycogen. Alkaline reaction from salts of acetic, citric, lactic and succinic acids. No fermentation of arabinose, mannitol, dulcitol, salicin, and salts of formic, oxalic and tartaric acids (Lewis).
Starch hydrolyzed (Lewis).
Pectate medium not liquefied.
Temperature relations: Optimum, between 25° and 30° C. Maximum, between 36° and 38° C. (Elliott).
Source: Isolated from angular leaf spot of cotton.
Habitat: Pathogenic on cotton, whereever it is grown, causing a leaf spot, a stem lesion and a boll lesion.
26. Xanthomonas pelargonii (Brown, 1923) Starr and Burkholder, 1942. (Bacterium pelargoni (sic) Brown, Jour. Agr. Res., 23, 1923, 372; Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600.)
pe.lar.go'ni.i. Gr. pelargus the stork: M.L. neut.n. pelargonium generic name of stork's bill; M.L. gen.noun pelargonii of Pelargonium.
Rods 0.67 by 1.02 microns. Encapsulated. Motile with a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative.
Gelatin: Slow liquefaction.
Beef-agar colonies: Cream-colored, glistening, round, with delicate internal markings.
Broth: Turbid in 24 hours. Incomplete pellicle.
Milk: Alkaline. Clearing in bands.
Nitrites not produced from nitrates.
Indole production slight.
Hydrogen sulfide produced.
Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600).
Slight acid but no gas from glucose, sucrose and glycerol.
Starch hydrolysis feebly positive.
Pectate medium liquefied.
Temperature relations: Optimum, 27° C. Maximum, 35° C.
No growth in broth plus 3.5 per cent salt.
Aerobic.
Source: Isolated from spots on leaves of Pelargonium from District of Columbia, Maryland and New Jersey.
