Gelatin: No liquefaction.
Milk: Growth, but no visible change in the milk.
No growth with ammonium salts, nitrates or asparagine as a source of nitrogen.
No growth in peptone water without carbohydrates. Invertase secreted.
Starch not hydrolyzed.
Temperature relations: Optimum, about 25° C. Maximum, 37° C.
Distinctive characters: Differs from Xanthomonas vasculorum, which produces a large gummy type of colony and which is a very active organism biochemically. The two pathogens also differ in the type of lesion they produce on sugar cane.
Source : Isolated by D. S. North (Colonial Sugar Ref. Co., Sydney, N. S. Wales, Agr. Rept., 8, 1926, 1) from white stripe and leaf scald of sugar cane in Australia.
Habitat: Vascular pathogen of sugar cane, Saccharum officinarum.
Group II.—Saprophytic species.
4. Pseudomonas trifolii Huss, 1907 (Huss, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 19, 1907, 68; Xanthomonas trifolii James, Canadian Jour. Microbiol., 1, 1955, 479.)
tri.fo'li.i. L. trifolium trefoil, clover; M.L. neut.n. Trifolium generic name of clover; M.L. gen. noun trifolii of Trifolium.
Rods, 0.5 to 0.7 by 0.75 to 2.0 microns, occurring singly, in pairs and in chains. Motile, possessing a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative.
Gelatin colonies: Convex, smooth, moist, glistening, grayish yellow.
Gelatin stab: Napiform liquefaction.
Agar colonies: Small, circular, grayish, becoming brownish yellow.
Agar slant: Yellowish, becoming brownish yellow streak, lacerate margin.
Broth: Turbid, with grayish yellow pellicle and sediment.
Litmus milk: Slowly coagulated; alkaline; with yellow ring.
Potato: Thick, yellowish, fiat, smooth, glistening.
Hydrogen sulfide produced.
Indole produced.
Acid from glucose, sucrose, xylose, arabinose and mannitol. No acid from lactose.
Nitrites produced from nitrates.
Cultures have an agreeable odor.
Volutin formed.
Aerobic, facultative.
Optimum temperature, between 33° and 35° C.
Source: Isolated from clover hay.
Habitat: Evidently a common organism on the leaves of plants.
5. Pseudomonas xanthe Zettnow, 1916. Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 77, 1916, 220.)
xan'tha. Gr. adj. xanthus yellow.
Rods 0.5 to 0.6 by 0.4 to 1.4 microns.
Motile, possessing a single or occasionally two or more very long (20 microns) polar flagella. Gram-negative.
Gelatin colonies: Circular, yellow, granular.
Gelatin stab: Pale yellow surface growth. Brownish yellow under surface colonies. Saccate liquefaction.
Agar slant: Dark yellow, glistening, with dark yellow sediment in water of condensation. Pigment not water-soluble.
Broth: Turbid.
Milk becomes rose-yellow in 4 weeks without any other change.
Potato: Grayish yellow to brownish growth.
Indole produced.
Nitrites produced from nitrates.
Acid produced from glucose, sucrose and maltose.
Starch hydrolyzed.
Blood serum not liquefied.
Aerobic, facultative.
Optimum temperature, 30° C.
Source: Air contamination.
6. Pseudomonas caudata (Wright, 1895) Conn, 1919. (Bacillus caudatus Wright, Memoirs Nat. Acad. Sci., 7, 1895, 444; Conn, Jour. Agr. Res., 16, 1919, 313.)
cau.da'ta. L. noun cauda a tail; M.L. adj. caudatus having a tail.
Rods long, granular, slender, occurring singly, in pairs and in chains. Appear like cocci in old cultures. Motile, possessing a polar flagellum (Conn). Gram-negative.
Gelatin colonies: Yellow, translucent, smooth, undulate.
Gelatin stab: Villous growth in stab. Crateriform liquefaction.
