1. Dialister pneumosintes (Olitsky and Gates, 1921) Bergey et al., 1923. (Bac- terium pneumosintes Olitsky and Gates, Jour. Exp. Med., 33, 1921, 713; also see ibid., 35, 1922, 813; Bergey et al., Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 271.) pneu.mo.sin'tes. Gr. noun pneuma air; Gr. noun sintes a spoiler, thief; M.L. adj. pneumosintes breath-destroying. Original description supplemented by material taken from Dack (Bact. Revs., 4, 1940,250). Very short rods, 0.15 to 0.3 (in glucose broth, 0.5 to 1.0) micron in length, the width measuring }4 to }yi the length, occur- ring singly and occasionally in pairs, short chains or masses. The ends are rather pointed. Non-motile. Gram-negative. Passes Berkefeld V and N filters. Blood agar colonies: Small, clear, cir- cular, entire, translucent. Growth occurs in media containing fresh, sterile, rabbit kidney and ascitic fluid. Under strict anaerobic conditions, there is good growth on rabbit blood glucose agar phites. Glucose broth in which Escherichia coli or Bacillus mesentericus (non-spore stage) has grown favors growth. Indole not produced. Acid but no gas from glucose. Neither acid nor gas from maltose, lactose, sucrose, inulin or mannitol. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Methylene blue not reduced. Catalase-negative. Anaerobic. Optimum temperature, 37° C. Does not survive 56° C. for half an hour. Optimum pH, between 7.4 and 7.8. No growth at pH 7.0 or pH 8.0. Pathogenic for rabbits and guinea pigs. Intratracheal injections of mass cultures into rabbits produces a rise in temperature in 24 hours and sometimes a conjunctivitis and a mononuclear leucopenia. Non-patho- genic to monkeys when injected intratra- cheally. Source: Isolated from filtered naso- pharyngeal secretions from influenza pa- tients in the early hours of the disease. Habitat: Found in the nasopharyngeal washings of man. 2. Dialister granuliformans (Pavlo- vic, 1929) Bergey et al., 1934. (Bacterium granuliformans Pavlovid, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 112, 1929, 432; Bergey et al., Manual, 4th ed., 1934, 341.) gra.nu.li. for 'mans. L. noun granula a small grain; L. part. adj. for mans forming; M.L. adj. granuliformans granule-forming. Small rods. Non-motile. Gram-negative. Passes through Chamberland L2 filters. Agar colonies: Very small, transparent. No gas. Broth: Turbid. Litmus milk: Unchanged. Indole not produced. Acid from glucose, sucrose and mannitol. Anaerobic to microaerophilic. Optimum temperature, 37° C. Pathogenic for rabbits. Source: Isolated from the respiratory tract in cases of influenza. Habitat : Found in the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. Genus IV. Sphaerophorus Prevot, 19S8.*t (Spherophorus (sic) Prevot, Ann. Inst. Past., 60, 1938, 297; Spherocillus (sic) Prevot, loc. cit.; Necrobacterium Thj0tta, in Lahelle and Thj0tta, Acta Path, et Microbiol. Scand., 32, 1945, 310; not Spherophorus Persoon, Einige Bemerkungen iiber der Flechten. Neue Annalen d. Bot., edited by Dr. Paulus Usteri, 7, 1794, 1-32.) Sphae.ro 'pho.rus. Gr. noun sphaera sphere; Gr. adj. phorus bearing; M.L. noun Sphaero- phorus that which bears spheres.
- Revised by Prof. Robert S. Breed, Cornell University, Geneva, New York; assisted
by Dr. Heiner Hoffman, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York City, New York, June, 1955. t The generic name Sphaerophorus Prevot, type species Sphaerophorus necrophorus Prevot, was used in the 6th ed. of the Manual, 1948, 578, and is continued in use in this edition.
