Temperature relations: Optimum, 37° C. Grows from 18° to 37° C. Killed in five minutes on boiling orinhalf an hour at 60° C. Optimum pH, 7.0. Limits of pH, 5.5 to 8.5 Non-pathogenic. Distinctive characters: Large size; very marked alkalinizing power. Source: Isolated from putrefying butch- er's meat (Tissier and Martelly) and from a case of acute appendicitis (Prevot). Habitat: Unknown. 11. Peptostreptococcus paleopneutno- niae (Prevot, 1930) Smith, comb. nov. (An anaerobic pseudopneumococcus, Etudes bact. sur les infections d'origine otique, Rist, These med., Paris, 1898; also see Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., Paris, 52, 1902, 305; Der Frankelsche Diplococcus, Bolog- nesi, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 43, 1907, 113; Diplococcus paleopneutnoniae Prevot, Ann. Sci. Nat., Ser. Bot., 15, 1933, 143.) pa.le.o.pneu.mo'ni.ae. Gr. adj. palaeus old; Gr. noun pneumon the lungs; M.L. noun pneumonia pneumonia; M.L. fem.gen.n. paleopneumoniae of old pneumonia. Spheres, about 0.7 to 1.0 micron in di- ameter, occurring in pairs, rareh' singly or in very short chains. Encapsulated. Gram- positive. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Deep agar colonies: Lenticular. Blood agar colonies: Round, raised, transparent, dew drop. No hemolysis. Broth : Opalescent turbidity which settles as a rather abundant, powdery, flocculent precipitate. No gas produced. Glucose or lactose broth: Rapid, abun- dant growth. Peptone broth (2 per cent) : Very slow development; after 4 or 5 days at 37° C., growth very poor. Milk: Good growth; partial coagulation. Blood agar: Very rapid, abundant growth. Coagulated protein not attacked. Acid from glucose and lactose. Anaerobic. Some strains become aero- tolerant (Smith, Brit. Jour. Exp. Path., 17, 1936, 329). Temperature relations: Optimum, 37° C. No growth at 20° nor at 42° C. Killed at 55° C. Pathogenic for mice. Distinctive characters: Resembles Di- plococcus pneumoniae but is a strict anaer- obe; highly pathogenic. Source : Isolated from an osseous abscess (Rist), from lesions of pleuropneumonia (Bolognesi) and from bronchitis and pneu- monia (Smith). Habitat: Found in the buccal-pharyngeal cavity of man and rodents. 12. Peptostreptococcus plagarunibelli (Prevot, 1933) Smith, comb. nov. {Diplococcus from septic wounds, Adamson, Jour. Path. Bact., 22, 1919, 393; Diplococcus plagarum- belli Prevot, Ann. Sci. Nat., Ser. Bot., 15, 1933, 157.) pla.ga.rum.bel'li. L. noun plaga injury, plague; L. noun bellum war; M.L. gen. noun plagarumbelli of the plagues of war. Spheres, 0.6 to 1.0 micron in diameter, occurring in pairs of unequal size or in short chains. Gram-positive. Gelatin: No liquefaction. Deep agar colonies: Appear after 24 to 48 hours, gradually increasing in size to to 2 mm in diameter; lenticular, regular, almost transparent. Gas is not produced, even in glucose agar. Broth : Growth precipitates in 5 or 6 days; no gas is produced. Milk: Strongly acidified and coagulated in 2 to 3 days. Coagulated proteins not digested. Indole not produced. Acid but no gas from glucose, maltose, lactose and sucrose. Anaerobic. Temperature relations: Optimum, 37° C. Not always killed in 30 minutes at 80° C. Non-pathogenic. Source: Sixteen strains were isolated from fifty-one cases of septic war wounds. Habitat: Common in septic wounds. 13. Peptostreptococcus niorbilloruni (Prevot, 1933) Smith, conib. nov. (Diplo- cocci from cases of measles, Tunnicliff, Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc, 68, 1917, 1028; Diplococcus rubeolae Tunnicliff, Jour. Inf. Dis., 52, 1933, 39; Diplococcus morbilloruju Prevot, Ann. Sci. Nat., S^r. Bot., 15, 1933,
