108. Streptomyces longispororuber (Krassilnikov, 1941) Waksman, 1953. (Ac- tinomyces longisporus ruber Krassilnikov, Guide to the Actinomj'^cetes, Izd. Akad. Nauk, U.S.S.R., Moskaii, 1941, 22; Waks- man, in Waksman and Lechevalier, Actino- mycetes and Their Antibiotics, Baltimore, 1953, 99.) lon.gi.spo.ro.ru'ber. L. adj. longus long; Gr. noun spora a seed; M.L. noun spora a spore; L. adj. ruber red; M.L. adj. lon- (jispororuber long-spored, red. Vegetative growth: Dark red to purple- red to light rose colonies. Little pigment diffuses into media except those containing fat. Certain strains secrete a soluble brown substance in protein-containing media. Aerial mycelium: Weakly developed, whitish to rose-white. Sporophores in some strains well developed, velvety, long, straight, seldom forming open spirals. Spores cylindrical to elongated, 0.7 by 1.0 to 1.5 microns, with sharply cut ends; a few are slightly swollen, becoming ellip- soidal or spherical, 1 micron in diameter. Gelatin: Liquefaction. Sj'nthetic agar: Light red to pale rose growth. Pigment not soluble. Milk: Weakly coagulated; peptonized. Starch is hydrolyzed, sometimes slowly. No growth on cellulose by some strains; others grow weaklj'. Nitrites produced from nitrates by some strains. Antagonistic properties: Strongly antago- nistic to a number of bacteria. Comment: This organism is very varia- ble, especially regarding the production of aerial mj-celium. Relationships to other species : Related to Streptomyces ruber, except for the cylindrical spores. Source: Isolated from soil. Habitat: Soil. 109. Streptomyces oidiosporus (Kras- silnikov, 1941) Waksman, 1953. {Actinomyces oidiosporus Krassilnikov, Guide to the Actinomycetes, Izd. Akad. Nauk, U.S.S.R., Moskau, 1941, 23; Waksman, in Waksman and Lechevalier, Actinomycetes and Their Antibiotics, Baltimore, 1953, 99.) o.i.di.o'spo.rus. Gr. neut.n. oum egg; M.L. neut.dim.n. oidium a small egg, a type of fungus spore; Gr. noun spora a seed; M.L. noun spora a spore; M.L. adj. oidio- sporus oidium-spored. Vegetative growth: Red or rose to pale rose colonies. Pigment not soluble. Aerial mycelium: Poorly developed, covering medium with velvety rose-white color. Sporophores straight or wavy, never forming spirals; they are short or long, frequently forming broom-shaped struc- tures. Oidiospores produced by segmenta- tion of sporophores. Spores 1.0 by 1.0 to 1.8 microns, frequently appearing as double cocci. Gelatin: Weakly developed aerial myce- lium, frequently lacking. Hyphae short, covering colony like a rose-white velvet; frequently occurs in spots or is absent. Weak liquefaction. Milk: Not coagulated; peptonized. Starch is actively hydrolyzed. No growth on cellulose. Nitrites produced from nitrates. Antagonistic properties: None. Relationships to other species: Resembles Streptomyces ruber and Streptomyces lon- gispororuber. Source: Some strains were obtained as variants of Nocardia rubra. Habitat: Presumably soil. 110. Streptomyces melanocyclus (Mer- ker, 1911) Waksman and Henrici, 1948. {Micrococcus melanocyclus Merker, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 31, 1911, 589; Waksman and Henrici, in Manual, 6th ed., 1948, 956.) me.la.no.cy'clus. Gr. adj. melas, melanis black; Gr. noun cyclus a circle; M.L. noun melanocyclus the black circle. Vegetative growth: Much-folded. Aerial mycelium: Dark brown. Spores spherical, 0.9 micron in diameter. Produces red pigment as well as soluble brown sub- stance, as a result of which culture and substrate become red-brown to almost black with a shade of red. Gelatin colonies: Growth poor. Gelatin stab: Rapid liquefaction. Ca-malate agar: Colonies small, flat, orange-red. Aerial mycelium black, occur- ring along the edges. Glucose agar: Same as on Ca-malate agar.
