gators as identical with Borrelia duttonii Bergey et al. Habitat: Found as the cause of African relapsing fever. 15. Borrelia buccalis (Steinberg, 1862) Brumjit, 1922. (Spirochaeta buccalis Stein- berg, 1862, according to Hoffman and von Prowazek, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 41, 1906, 819; Brumpt, Nouveau Traite de Mede- cine, Paris, 4, 1922, 495.) buc.ca'lis. L. adj. buccalis buccal. Cells 0.4 to 0.9 by 7.0 to 20.0 microns. The largest of the mouth spirochetes. Sluggishly motile by means of serpentine, rotating and flexuous movements. Stains with aniline dyes; violet with Giemsa's stain. Not obtained in pure culture and probably does not grow in any medium tried to date. Habitat: Found in normal mouths; in- vades lesions formed on the respiratory mucous membrane. 16. Borrelia vincentii (Blanchard, 1906) Bergey et al., 1925. {Spirochaeta vincenti (sic) Blanchard, Arch. f. Protistenk., 10, 1906, 129; Bergey et al., Manual, 2nd ed., 1925, 435.) vin.cen'ti.i. M.L. gen. noun vincentii of Vincent; named for H. Vincent, a French bacteriologist. Cells, 0.3 by 8.0 to 12.0 microns, with 3 to 8 irregular, shallow spirals. Motile with a rapid, progressive, vibratory motion. Stain easily with the common aniline dyes. Gram- negative. Cultivation occurs under anaerobic con- ditions. Cultures may show long forms with only a writhing motion. Not pathogenic for laboratory animals. Habitat: Found on normal respiratory mucous membrane; associated with a fusi- form bacillus {Fusobacterium fusiforme Hoffman) in cases of Vincent's angina. Cells, 0.5 to 0.75 by 6.0 to 20.0 microns, with coarse and shallow spirals. The spirals are generally smoothly rounded and regular, tapering towards the end into a fine projec- tion. Motile with an active serpentine and rotating motion with marked flexion. Stain easily with the common dyes. In stained spe- cimens, the spirals appear irregular. Cultivation is uncertain. Non-pathogenic. Source : Isolated with Treponema pallidum in some cases of syphilis as originally de- scribed by Schaudinn. Habitat: Found in genital mucous mem- branes and in uncleanly states or in ne- crotic lesions of the genitalia of man. 18. Borrelia glossinae (Novy and Knapp, 1906) Bergey et al., 1925. {Spirillum glossinae Novy and Knapp, Jour. Inf. Dis., 3, 1906, 385; Bergey et al.. Manual, 2nd ed., 1925, 435.) glos.si'nae. M.L. fem.n. Glossina a genus of insects; M.L. gen. noun glossinae of Glos- sina. Cells, 0.2 by 8.0 microns, occurring singly, sometimes in pairs. Generally there are 4 spirals. Shorter, narrower and with more turns than the cells of Borrelia recurrentis. Habitat: Found in the stomach contents of the tse-tse fly {Glossina palpalis). 19. Borrelia brasiliensis Davis, 1952. (Jour, of Parasitol., 38, 1952, 473.) bra. si. li. en 'sis. M.L. adj. brasiliensis the specific epithet of the tick vector of this species, Ornithodoros brasiliensis . Transmitted by Ornithodoros brasiliensis. Pathogenicity: Characteristic relapses are produced in white mice and guinea pigs. Source : Isolated from Ornithodoros brasil- iensis from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 17. Borrelia refringens (Schaudinn and Hoffmann, 1905) Bergey et al., 1925. {Spiro- chaeta refringens Schaudinn and Hoffmann, Arb. a. d. kaiserl. Gesundheitsamte, 22, 1905, 528; Bergey et al.. Manual, 2nd ed., 1925, 436.) re.frin'gens. L. part. adj. refringens break- ing up, refringent. 20. Borrelia dugesii (Mazzotti, 1949) Davis, comb. nov. {Spirochaeta dugesi Maz- zotti, Rev. Instit. Sal. y Enferm. Trop., 10, 1949, 277.) du.ge'si.i. M.L. gen. noun dugesii the spe- cific epithet of the tick vector of this species, Ornithodoros dugesi. Transmitted by Ornithodoros dugesi.
