bonis Donatien and Lestoquard, Bull. Soc. path, exot., 29, 1936, 1057; Moshkovskiy, Uspekhi Souremennoi Biol. (U.S.S.R.), 19, 1945, 18; Kurlovia (Ehrlichia) bovis Zhdanov, Opredelitel Virusov Celovska i Zivotmych, Izd. Akad. Med. Nauk, U.S.S.R., Moskau, 1953, 57 and 169.) bo'vis. L. noun bos the ox; M.L. gen. noun bovis of the ox. Occurs in circular, elliptical and poly- gonal colonies, 1 to 6 or 11 microns in di- ameter, in the cytoplasm of circulating monocytes of infected cattle. The individual organisms are difficult to see in these masses and measurements are not given. Stain deep lavender or purple with Giemsa's stain. Cultivation: Not reported. Serology: Not reported. Immunology: Circulating infection per- sists for at least a year (premunition) and is not transmissible to sheep. Susceptibility of small laboratory animals not stated. Pathogenicity: No mortality in cattle, which are the only reported susceptible hosts. Defibrinated blood has remained in- fectious at laboratory temperatures for 26 hours. Infection transmissible by blood subinoculation as well as through the agency of ticks. Source: Observed by Donatien and Lesto- quard (op. cii., 1936, 1057) in the monocytes of Moroccan cattle which were infected by adult ticks reared from immature stages im- ported on other cattle from Iran. Habitat: Found in Iranian cattle ticks (Hyalomma sp.) in which at least trans- stadial transmission was demonstrated. The etiological agent of a non-fatal cattle disease in Iran. Further experimental and trans- ovarial tick transmission not reported. 3. Ehrlichia ovina (Lestoquard and Donatien, 1936) Moshkovskiy, 1945. (Rick- ettsia ovina Lestoquard and Donatien, Bull. Soc. path, exot., 29, 1936, 108; Moshkovskiy, Uspekhi Souremennoi Biol. (U.S.S.R.), 19, 1945, 18; Kurlovia (Ehrlichia) ori/m Zhdanov, Opredelitel Virusov Celovska i Zivotmych, Izd. Akad. Med. Nauk, U.S.S.R., Moskau, 1953, 57 and 169.) o . vi'na. L. adj . ovinus pertaining to sheep. The organisms occur in plaques or colo- nies, 2 to 8 microns in diameter, in the cyto- plasm of monocytes of infected sheep. Stain a deep reddish with Giesma's stain. Cultivation: Not reported. Serology: Not reported. Immunology: Not reported. Pathogenicity: Causes mild infections with low mortality in sheep in Algeria and Turkey; transmissible by blood subinocula- tion. Source: Observed by Lestoquard and Donatien (op. cii., 1936, 108) in the circulat- ing monocj^tes of sheep infected by injection of ticks. Habitat: Found in the tick Rhipicephalus bursa, though feeding experiments have not been reported. The etiological agent of a rickettsiosis-like disease of sheep in the Mediterranean Basin. Genus IV. Cowdria Moshkovskiy, (1945) 1947. (Subgenus Cowdria Moshkovskiy, Uspekhi Souremennoi Biol., 19, 1945, 18; Cowdria Moskovskiy, Science, 106, 1947, 62 (incorrectly attributed to Bengston, in Manual, 6th ed., 1948, 1094); not Coivdryia Macchiavello, Prim. Reunion Intramer. del Tifo, Mexico, 1947, 417; Nicollea Macchiavello, ibid., 415; Kurlovia Zhdanov, Opredelitel Virusov Celovska i Zivotmych, Izd. Akad. Med. Nauk, U.S.S.R., Moskau, 1953, 166; see Philip, Canad. Jour. Microbiol., 2, 1956, 265.) Cow'dri.a. M.L. noun Cowdria named for E. V. Cowdry, who first described the organism in heartwater diseases of three ruminants: sheep, goats and cattle. Small, pleomorphic, spherical or ellipsoidal, occasionally rod-shaped organisms occurring intracellularly in ticks and characteristically localized in clusters inside vacuoles in the cytoplasm of vascular endothelial cells of host vertebrates. Gram-negative. Have not been cultivated in cell-free media. Not transovarially transmitted in tick vectors. The etiological agent of heartwater of cattle, sheep and goats. The type species is Cowdria ruminantium (Cowdry) Moshkovskiy.
