loo Bird -Lore in the immediate vicinity of New York city, but during July and August roosts in great numbers in our Hackensack marshes. Here, in early July, it is joined by the Red-winged Blackbirds, and now the careful observer may find many changes in the character of the bird -life of a district with which he has become familiar in June, as birds no longer confined by the cares of the nesting season, and not as yet impelletl to migrate, wander irregularly about the country. BIRDS OF THE SEASON For permanent residents see Bird-Lore, Dec, 1900, p. 184. Wood Duck,* Green Heron, Black-crowned Night Heron, American Bittern,* Least Bittern,* Clapper Rail, King Rail,* Virginia Rail,* Woodcock, Spotted Sandpiper, Mourning Dove, Osprey, Barn Owl,* Yellow-biiied Cuckoo, Black-billed Cuckoo, Belted Kingfisher, Nighthawk, Whip-poor-will, Chimney Swift, Ruby-throated Hum- mingbird, Kingbird, Crested Flycatcher, Phoebe, Least Flycatcher, Acadian Flycatcher, Traill's Flycatcher,* Wood Pewee, Baltimore Oriole, Orchard Oriole, Red-winged Black- bird, Purple Grackle, Bobolink, Meadowlark, Cowbird, (jrasshopper Sparrow, Henslow's Sparrow,* Seaside Sparrow, Sharp-tailed Sparrow, Swamp Sparrow, Field Sparrow, Vesper Sparrow, Chipping Sparrow, Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Towhee, Indigo Bunting, Scarlet Tanager, Barn Swallow, Rough-winged Swallow,* Cliff Swallow,* Bank Swal- low, Tree Swallow, Purple Martin,* Red-eyed Vireo, Warbling Vireo, Yellow-throated Vireo, White-eyed Vireo, Black and White Warbler, Blue-winged Warbler, Worm- eating Warbler,* Yellow Warbler, Chestnut-sided Warbler, Prairie Warbler,* Redstart, Hooded Warbler, Ovenbird, Louisiana Water-Thrush, Maryland Yellow-throat, Ken- tucky Warbler,* Yellow-breasted Chat, Catbird, Brown Thrasher, Short-billed Marsh Wren,* Long-billed Marsh Wren, Veery, Wood Thrush, Robin, Bluebird.
- Rare or local
JUNE AND JULY BIRD LIFE NEAR PHILADELPHIA By Witmer Stom: June and July mark the summer period of rest in bird -life, so far as migration is concerned, but a period of intense activity to the birds themselves. It is then that all species are on their breeding-grounds and consumed with the care of nests and young. Owing to the early nesting of many species, however, we find tliem scattering over the country or beginning to flock long before others have guided their young from the nest. The Goldfinch, Cedarbird and Dove may be found breeding later than any other species, the last, however, like many other birds, raises more than one brood in a season. Occupied with family cares the birds become less musical and less conspicuous, and these months seem almost commonplace after the excitement and bustle of May, were it not for the interest to be foumi in watching the nests and studying the development of the young. About ninety species breed within ten miles of Philadelphia, but half that number is a fair average for one's immediate neighborhood.
