Birds and Seasons 69 after the first column of names, that is "Date," "Start," etc. Knowing this, one may leave the needed number of pages before entering the second column of birds' names. Such a record should begin first with a list of Permanent Residents following " Re- marks" ; then should come Winter Residents, and migrants may be added as they are observed. Of course as the season advances less pages should be left. When the migra- tion is ended a new series of records should be begun, beginning with "Date," "Start," etc., then entering the Permanent Residents and after them the Summer Residents. These roll books are easily kept and their contents form graphic records of the rise and fall of the migration, showing when a species was first observed, when it was most numer- ous, and, if transient, when it was last seen. If possible the approximate number of birds seen should be given, and in recording other details noted above a simple system of abbreviations may be employed. For instance, a number enclosed in a circle implies that the birds seen were in a flock; S indicates sing- ing; the signs, cf or ?, male or female respectively, while an asterisk refers to your journal of the same date wherein you may enter some observation at length. Whatever system of abbreviations is adopted, howeer, should be full}' explained in the opening pages of your roll book. SUGGESTIONS FOR THE SEASON'S READING Thoreau : 'Spring," in 'Walden,' 'Early Spring in Massachusetts.' Burroughs: 'The Return of the Birils ' and 'Spring at the Capital' in 'Wake Robin,' 'April' in 'Birds and Poets,' 'A Spring Relish' in 'Signs and Seasons,' 'Spring Jottings' in ' Riverby,' Torrey : 'A Bird-Lover's April,' 'A Month's Music' in 'Birds in the Bush,' 'A World of Green Hills,' 'Spring Notes from Tennessee.' Flagg: 'April' in 'A Year with the Birds.' BoUes: 'Land of the Lingering Snow.' Keeler: 'April in Berkeley,' 'Berkeley in May' in 'Bird Notes Afield.' Wright: 'A New England May- Day' and 'When Orchards Bloom' in 'The Friendship of Nature.' Crockett: 'April' and 'May' in 'A Yearbook of Kentucky Woods and Fields.' Parkhurst: 'April' and 'May' in 'The Birds' Calendar.' What bird is this .' Field Dettripiiun. — l.cnzlh, 6.2? inches. Upper parts brownish; wings and tail darker: outer tail-feathers lipped with white; a whitish line over the eye; under parts whitish, with dark streaks. The s|)eries figun-d in I'"ebriiarv is the Pine I'iiich.
