82 Bird- Lore BILL OF OSPREY have formed a very small percentage of their daily fare; I have more than once seen one of these birds perched on some twig overhanging a dry, sandy river-bed, where no water was to be found within several miles." The only implement the Kingfisher needs in procur- ing its food, is its large and powerful .bill. With this it seizes its prey, whether it is a slippery fish beneath the surface of the water or an insect on the land. Its feet are so small and weak that they are no help for grasping or holding, when securing food. Contrast the implements of the Kingfisher with those of that other great fisher, the Osprey. Were it to plunge head first into the water for its prey, as the Kingfisher does, it would never secure food, for its hooked bill is not adapted for catch- ing a fish. The Osprey, however, has a special implement, in large and powerful feet. When the bird plunges for a fish, its strong feet, with their long, sharp claws, are thrown downward and the fish is securely grasped. It is then carried to a perch, where it can be torn in pieces for eating or to be fed to the young. In every line of study connected with birds, something of interest may be found. The leaflets published by this association are merely hints to the teachers, which may be elaborated by the pupil or bird club. BILL OF KINGFISHER Questions for Teachers and Students Has the Kingfisher a local name in your locality? Has it any song? Describe or imi- tate its call-note. Describe the shape of the Kingfisher, comparing it with some bird of the same size. What is the meaning of syndactyl? How does it apply to the Kingfisher? Note the largest number of Kingfishers seen atone time. Describe nest, where placed, character of soil, how far from water; if one is found, record whether it is used the succeeding year. Describe the food used. Does the Kingfisher ever eat vegetable food? Name several species of fish eaten by the Kingfisher; describe them; are they found in ponds or running streams? Name a number of altricial birds that live in your locality; also some precocial birds; in what respect do they differ? Note. — In order to economize space, the series of questions is not so full as it might be made. The teacher and pupil are expected to examine the questions in previous leaflets for suggestions. Notice. — This leaflet, with outline figures for coloring, can be obtained of the Na- tional Association, 141 Broadway, New York. Price, per dozen, 15 cents; 100, $ 1 ; 1,000, $9. Leaflets are ready for distribution the 20th of the month of publication.
