A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF
and Pollux, Minerva, Mercury, and Diana, from
the antique, also some frontispieces and vignettes.
He (lied about 1812.
SCHLOTTEUBECK, Wii.helm Friedrich, a draughtsman and engraver, born in 1777 at Hartingen in Switzerland, wasascliolar of C. von Mecliel of Basle. He had a great predilection for aquatint, and it may be said that his success made that art popular in Germany. He engraved many large plates after Claude, Both, P. Hackert, ami his own drawings. He joined tlieChalcographic Institution at Dessau in 1798, where he engraved the four fine landscapes by Claude Lorraine, then at Cassel, but now in the Hermitage at St. Petersburg; and in 1801 he went to reside at Vienna. From 1808 till tlie time of his death he was occupied in making drawings of the picturesque scenery in the Tyrol, at Salzburg, and in various other parts of Germany and Hungary, which he engraved for Mullo, the Viennese publisher. He died at Vienna in 1819.
SGHLOTTHAUER, Joseph, painter, born at Munich in 1789, was first a carpenter, though he devoted his leisure hours to drawing. Having finished several preparatory works, he was received as a pupil of the Academy, but a few months after the War of Deliverance in the Tyrol broke out, and Schlotthauer enlisted in a corps of volunteer sharp- shooters. When the war was over he returned to his art, and attached himself in 1819 to Cor- nelius, who had come to Munich to commence the frescoes of the Glyptothek, painting several of the frescoes from Cornelius' Cartoons. In 1838 he painted the side-altars in Bamberg Cathedral, and about this time his mechanical and anatomical studies led him to put forward a new method of orthopoedio treatment, for the purposes of which he started an institution, of which he was f<ir many years the manager. In 1845 he went to Pompeii to make researches into ancient methods of painting, and in the following year he invented jointly with Fuchs the kind of fresco painting known as stereochromy. It was used by Kaulbach in his frescoes for the Berlin Museum. His ' Christ crowned with Thorns' is his best known easel-picture, lie was further the author of a set of fifty-three lithograph plates after Holbein's 'Dance of Death' (1832). Among his piipils were Count Pocci, E. Linder, J. Schraudolph, and J. A. Fischer. He died at Munich in 18(;9.
SCHLOTTHAUER, Karl, painter, was born at Munich in 1803. He was the pupil of his uncle, Joseph Schlotthauer, and painted landscapes,chiefly from the Bavarian Alps. He was a professor in the Art School of Lindau.
SCHMALZIGATS^G, Ferdinand, German painter; horn February 15, 1847, at Friedrichshafen on the Bodensee ; became a pupil of Piloty at Munich. He painted animals, and one of liis works is in the Coh.giie iMuseum. He died 1902.
SOHMEIDLER, Karl Gottloe, portrait painter, born at Nimptsch in 1772, first studied tlieology, but became a painter from want of means. After studying in the Academy at Dresden, he settled at Breslau, and painted portraits, among which were those of General Bennigsen and his wife, and of some members of the Prussian Royal Family. He died at Breslau in 1838.
SCHMELLER, Jchann Joseph, a painter, born at Gross-Obringen, near Weimar, in 1796, was a pupil of Jagemann. The Grand Duke sent hira to Antwerp, in 1820, to study under Van Brie, and on his return he became master of the Drawing School at Weimar. He painted two portraits of Goethe, and was further commissioned by the poet to make an album of portrait sketches in chalk of distinguished persons and friends, which work is still in the possession of Goettie's family. He died at Wieraar in 1841.
SCHMERLING, Pauline von, flower-painter, was born at Vienna in 1806. Her father was a Freiherr J. von Koudelka in the Austrian army, and she was a pupil of Franz Petter. In the Vienna Gallery there is an excellent flower-piece by her. Slie died at Vienna in 1840.
SCHMETTEKLING, Josef Adolf, was born at Vienna in 1758. He painted miniatures with some success. He established himself in Amsterdam, where he died in 1828. His daughter, Christiana, was a painter of flowers and fruit, in water-colour. She was born at Amsterdam in 1796. and died there in 1840. Another daughter, Elizabeth, who followed her father's profession of miniaturi.st, was established in Amsterdam in 1804.
SCHMID, Karl August, painter, born at Neuburgin 1807, studied at the Munich Academy from 1822 to 1825, and then turned to out-door Nature. He made drawings for works on natural history and botany. He travelled through the Tyrol, Salzburg, and Upper Italy, and in 1831 produced a series of water-colour hindscapes, illustrating his travels. He died in 1834.
SCHMID, Peter, painter, born at Treves in 1769, displayed talent for art as a bo}', and was instructed in painting through the help of Count von Walters- dorf. He taught in Stettin, Berlin, and Frankfort on a new system, laying great stress on a study of nature, and published several books of instruction embodying his theories. In 1834 he became pro- fessor of drawing at Berlin.
SCHMID, Simon, born at Munich in 17G0, was Court chaplain, and claims mention as one of the inventors of lithograpliy. The first essays in Kellheim stone were made by him. In 1788 lie published eighteen lithographs, some in relief, some in intaglio. He died at Munich in 1840.
SCHMIDT, Eduard, painter, a native of Berlin, was a pupil of Blechen, and painted chiefly sea- pieces, from the coasts of Heligoland, England, and Sweden. He died in 1862.
SCHMIDT, Georg Friedrich, born at Berlin in 1712, was instructed in design and engraving by G. P. Busch, at the Berlin Academy ; but he after- wards went to Paris, where he became a pupil of Nicholas Larmessins. In 1742 he was received into the Paris Academy, and engraved, for his reception plate, his fine portrait of P. Mignard. In 1744 he returned to Berlin, and was soon afterwards appointed engraver to the King. He resided at Berlin till 1757, when he was invited to St. Peters- burg by the Empress Elizabeth, and commissioned to organize a school of engraving, and to engrave the Emperor's portrait. He returned to Berlin in 1762, and etched a few plates in the manner of Rembrandt. He died at Berlin in 1775. The following is a list of his better plates ; he engraved about 200 in all.
The Empress Elizabeth of Russia ; after L. TocqiU. Michael, Count de "Worouzow ; aftir the same. Count Nicholas Esterliazi ; after the same. Fred. Hen. Louis, Prince of Prussia ; after A. X'anloo. Jean Paul Bignon, Abbfi de St. Quentin ; after Rigaud. Constautine Searlati, Prince of Moldavia.
Ch. Gabriel de Caylus, Bishop of Auxerre ; after Fontaine.
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