Persia, raises an “Eastern Question/* 22
sq. ; goes to war with Roms, 66 sq., 62,
71 ; reopens war, 72 ; 78 sqq. ; attacked
by Julian, 81 sqq. ; treaty of Jovian with,
85; worship of Mithras in, 90; pagan
philosophers flee to, 114; 219; renews
war against Valens, 225 sq. ; negotiates,
231 ; Sapor III succeeds in, 238 ; annexes
part of Armenia, 240; prehistoric in-
habitants of, 329; greyhounds of, 340;
in the nineteenth century, 348; devas-
tated by Chinghis Khan, 350 ; 361 ; Ulus
applies for help to, 436; at war with
Rome, 464, 466 ; Mercian maintains peace
with, 468; invaded by Saragurs, 469;
defeated by Ephthalites, 478 ; and subject
tribes, 481 ; Hypatius ambassador in,
486 ; condition of Christians in, 519
Persia, Bishop of. See John the Persian
Persians, the, 18, 25, 57 sq., 72, 74, 82 ; at
Ctesiphon, 83 ; at Maranga, 84 ; harass
Jovian, 85; 98, 201 ; form an alliance
with Euric, 284 ; 295 ; invade borders of
the Empire, 306; make peace with the
Romans, 315 ; hatred of the Altaians for,
343 ; and the Tartars, 347 ; allied with
Huns, 363; defeated by Romans, make
peace, 464 ; assist Illus, 478 ; take Amida,
481 ; 482 ; at the fort at Dara, 483 ; 514
Perthshire, Agricola advances into, 368
Pescennius, Niger, usurper, 17
PessinuB, visited by Julian, 79 ; 80 ; temple
of Cybele at, 110
Peter, St, regarded as founder of Roman Church, 171 sqq., 505, 507; 608 Peter, Bishop of Alexandria, 140, 166 Peter, Bishop of Altinum, presides at trial of Symmachus, 449
Peter, Bishop of Ravenna, forbids perse- cution of the Jews, 453 Peter the Fuller, Bishop of Antioch, in- trudes into see, 514 ; twice expelled, tb. ; recalled, 515
Peter Mongus, Bishop of Alexandria, suc- cession to see disputed, 516; influence over AcaciuB of Constantinople, ib. ; and the Henoticon, 517 ; excommunicated by Simplicius, %6.
Peter of Zittau, chronicler, cited, 351 Petra in Arabia, Nestorius banished to, 502
Petronius, father-in-law of Valens, unpopu- larity of, 220 Pettau. See Poetovio Petulantes, the, summoned from Gaul, 72 sq. Peucini, 205
Peutinger’s chart, cited, 295
Pevensey (Anderida), fort repaired at, 379
Pfeffinger, Dr., 93
Pforzheim, possible route of Valentinian by, 224
Pharamond, son of Marcomir, legendary king of the Franks, 293, 295 Pharrantsem, Queen of Armenia, captured and slain by Sapor, 225
Philip, King of Macedonia, 17 ; negotiates with Bastarnae, 190 sq.
Philippi, 16; early Church at, 144; Goths at, 471
Philippopolis, Julian p as se s through, 77; Eastern bishops withdraw to, 130 ; Coun- cil of, 166; taken by Goths, 204; sur- renders to Aequitius, 221 ; Valens at, 250 ; 251 ; taken by Huns, 363 Philippus, envoy of Constantius, 61 Philo the Jew, theories of, 118, 496 Philomelium, church of, 164 Philostratus, 89 Phisonites, customs of, 349 Phocas, refuses to accept Christianity, 113 Phoenicia, 88
Pholoe, plateau of, 262 ; Stilicho blockades the Goths at, 458
Phronemhis, in command at Constanti- nople, 220
Phrygia, church of, 164; march of Valens into, 221 ; rebellion of Tribigild in, 262, 458; ancestors of the Franks driven from, 293 ; 459
Piacensa, letter to a deacon of, cited, 161 ; Ri rimer defeats A vitus near, 4 22 ; Orestes put to death at, 430 Picardy, early monasteries in, 534 Picenum, Goths at, 270, 273 ; 446 Piets, the, 58; oppose the Romans, 73; defeated by Maximus, 238, 383 note; driven out by Constans, 378 Pincian Hill, the, 448 Piraeus, the, seized by Alaric, 261 Piroz, King of Persia, and Leo 1, 469 Pisidia, TribigUd's march through, 458 Pispir, St Anthony at, 522 Pithyusae, ceded to the Vandals, 311 Pitt-Rivers, General, excavations made by, 376
Pityus, sacked by Bor&ni, 204 ; Chrysostom at, 493
Plaoentia, Goths at, 270 Plaridia, Galls, sister of Honorius, 270 ; de- tained by Alaric, 273 ; marries Ataulf, 274, 277, 398 sqq. ; ill-treated by Sigerich, 278, 404; pious influence of, 396; historic importance of, 397 sq. ; restored to Rome, 404 ; married to Constantius, ib , ; entitled Augusta, 405, 465 ; influence over Honorius, 406; banished to Con- stantinople, ib. ; 408; recalls Boniface, 409; and A&tius, 411, 418; death, 418; harmful education of Valentinian HI, 419; returns to Italy, 465; and Pope Leo, 506 ; mausoleum of, 610 Placidia, daughter of Valentinian III, carried captive to Carthage, 308 sq. ; 421, 468; released, 310, 424, 468 ; 418; marries Olybrius, 424 Placidus, St, 541
Plato, 93, 98, 100; Academy of, 114; 578 Plato, praefcct of Constantinople, 484 ;
hostility of the mob to, 485 Plautianus, minister of Severus, 31
