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1959
- March
- At Third Polish Party Congress Gomulka reaffirms consolidation of his regime and restoration of party control over national life.
- July
- Khrushchev's first official visit to Poland results in full Soviet endorsement of Gomulka regime and its autonomy in domestic affairs.
1960
- June
- Gomulka backs Soviet stand in developing Sino-Soviet ideological rift but begins mediation attempts.
- November
- United States restores most-favored-nation treatment to Polish exports, which had been withdrawn in 1952.
1961
- April
- Regime-sponsored candidates receive over 98% of the vote in elections marked by public apathy and disillusionment.
1963
- March
- Polish-West German trade agreement signed, providing for exchange of trade missions with semi diplomatic status.
1964
- June
- At Fourth Polish Party Congress Gomulka reasserts leadership over diverse party factions and continuation of conservative-moderate line.
1965
- February
- Deeper US involvement in Vietnam strains relations with Warsaw, but wide US "presence" in Poland is maintained.
- April
- Renewed 20-year Polish-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Mutual Alliance stresses formulation of common foreign policy objectives by mutual consultations.
- May
- Fifth postwar elections result in virtual carbon copy of 1961 balloting.
1966
- May
- Polish-West German trade agreement is renewed.
- May-June
- Public disturbances mark church-state crisis brought on by rival celebrations marking the millennium of Christianity in Poland and of Polish statehood.
1967
- June
- Impact of Arab-Israeli conflict kindles new intraparty discord with anti-Semitic overtones; officially encouraged emigration of Polish Jews begins.
1968
- March
- Student demonstrations are repressed but spark acute party crisis and anti-Semitic purges lasting most of year.
- August
- Poland participates in Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia.
- November
- At Fifth Party Congress Gomulka reasserts his leadership but yields some influence to young pragmatic elements.
1969
- May
- Gomulka publicly opens door to dialog with West Germany by proposing negotiations on treaty to formalize Poland's western border; diplomatic approaches to West on European security are intensified.
- June
- Sixth postwar elections produce results identical to 1965 balloting.
- Gomulka leads Soviet bloc condemnation of Chinese Communist leadership at International Communist Conference in Moscow.
- October
- Polish-West German economic negotiations are initiated; Polish goals include new trade treaty and credits.
1970
- February
- Polish-West German political talks start in Warsaw.
- June
- New Polish-West German 5-year trade agreement concluded.
67
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