MADAGASCAR (Continued)
strong position in leadership of AKFM, the rank and file of which is non-Communist
Member of: EAMA, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OCAM, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WTO
ECONOMY
GDP: $2.3 billion (1980), about $265 per capita; real growth 4.2% (1980)
Agriculture: cash crops—coffee, vanilla, cloves, sugar, tobacco, sisal, rice, raphia; food crops—rice, cassava, cereals, potatoes, corn, beans, bananas, coconuts, and peanuts; animal husbandry widespread; imports some rice, milk, and cereal
Fishing: catch 51,380 metric tons (1978)
Major industries: agricultural processing (meat canneries, soap factories, brewery, tanneries, sugar refining), light consumer goods industries (textiles, glassware), cement plant, auto assembly plant, paper mill, oil refinery
Electric power: 100,000 kW capacity (1980); 410 million kWh produced (1980), 47 kWh per capita
Exports: $518.0 million (f.o.b., 1980); 30% coffee, 8% vanilla, 7% sugar, 6% cloves; agricultural and livestock products account for about 85% of export earnings
Imports: $724.1 million (f.o.b., 1980); about 19% consumer goods, 21% foodstuffs, 41% primary products (crude oil, fertilizers, metal products), 19% capital goods (1974)
Major trade partners: France (in 1974 accounted for 37% of exports and 48% of imports), US, EC; trade with Communist countries remains a minute part of total trade
Budget: (1980) revenues $521 million (est.), current expenditures $540 million (est.), development expenditures $255 (est.)
Monetary conversion rate: 290 Malagasy francs=US$1
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 884 km of meter gauge (1.00 m)
Highways: 27,500 km total; 4,694 km paved, 811 km crushed stone, gravel, or stabilized soil; remainder improved and unimproved earth (est.)
Inland waterways: of local importance only, Lake Alaotra, isolated streams and small portions of Canal des Pangalanes
Ports: 4 major (Tamatave, Diego Suarez, Majunga, Tulear)
Civil air: 7 major transport aircraft, including 1 leased out
Airfields: 172 total, 131 usable; 29 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 45 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications: fair system, above African average; includes open-wire lines, coaxial cables, and radio-relay links; 1 Indian Ocean satellite station; 37,100 telephones (0.4 per 100 popl.); 11 AM, no FM, and 4 TV stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 1,972,000; 1,206,000 fit for military service; 84,000 reach military age (20) annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1981, $114.4 million; about 10.3% of central government budget
