PETRONIUS
782
PETRUCCI
the sixteenth century, St. Potronillu's roniaiiw were
translated to an altar (still dedicated to Iier) in the
upper end of the right side-uisle (near the cupola).
Her fciist falls on 31 May.
De Rossi, Si/mlcro di S. Pflronilla nrlln basilica in via Ar- deatina e sua traslazione at Valicajio in Bullt-ttiuo di arch, crist. USVS), 125 sq. (1879), 5 sq.; Ddmaz, La France el aainle Pi- tronille in Annales de St. Louis des Frautais (1890), .517 sq.; Urbain, Bin Marlyrologium der chrisll. Gemeiiide zit Horn (Leip- lig, 1901), l.')2; DnFODRCQ, Les Oesla Marlurum romain.i, I (Paris, 1900), 251 sq.
J. P. KiRSCH.
resumed and the glorious Italian -Gothic church
completed as if stands to-day. The feast of St. Petro-
nius is cilchralcd on 4 October.
Ada .S.s,. II. (Ul.. I.'il .sqq.; Melloni. Alii o memorir di S. Pclronio (H()l..k:n!i, 17sl); Bolland, Bibl. hag. lal., II (1901), 96.5-6; MoniN, Deux petits discours d'un ivique Pelronius du V* aiicle in Kevue binidicline (1897). 1 sqq.; Czapla, Ceniiadiua als Literarhistoriker (MUnster, 1898), 94 sqq.; Lanzoni. San Pelronio, vescovo di Bologna nella sloria e nclla lenenda (Rome. 1907)
J. P. KiRSCH.
Petropolis, Diocese of (Petropolitanensis),
Petronius, S.\int, Bishop of Bologna, date of in the Province of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, erected 11
birth unknown; d. before 4.50. The only certain his- Feb., 1895. The sec founded by Leo XIII 21 May
torical information we possess
concerning him is derived from
a letter written by Bishop Ku-
cherius of Lyons (d. 450-5) to
Valeriiinus (in P. L., L, 711
sqq.) and from Gennadius' " De
viris illustribus", XLI (ed.
Czapla, Mlinster, 1898, p. 94).
Eucherius writes that the holy
Bishop Petronius was then re-
nowned in Italy for his virtues.
From Gennadius we receive
more detailed information:
Petronius belonged to a noble
family- whose members occupietl
high iKisitions at the imperial
Court at Milan and in thejiro-
vincial lulministrations at the
end of the fourth ana the be-
ginning of the fifth centuries.
His father (also named Petro-
nius) was probably pmfcciux
prcetorio, since a Petronius filled
this office in Gaul in 402-S.
Eucherius seems to suggest (P.
L., L, 719) that the future
bishop also held an important
secular position. Even in his
youth Petronius devoted him-
self to the practices of asceti-
cism, and seems to have visiteil
the Holy Places in Jerusalem,
perhaps on a pilgrimage. About
432 he was elected and conse-
crated Bishop of Bologna, where
he erected a church to St.
Stephen, the building scheme
of which was in imitation of the
shrines on Golgotha and over the
Holy Sepulchre in Jerusaliin.
The buildings belong approxi-
mately to the perioil wlicn Leo
I had basilicas erected in Home
and Galla Placidia in Ravenna
St. Petronhth
Church of S. Domenico. Bologn:
School of Michelangelo
1893, at Nictheroy, and trans-
ferred to Petropolis 11 Feb.,
1S95, was retransferred to
Nictheroy in 1908. The city
of Pctnipolis was founded by
tlicKniiHiorof Brazil in 1845,
as a colony for German immi-
grants and named in honour of
Dom Pedro; it is a delightful
summer resort. In 1894 it was
made the capital of the State
of Rio de Janeiro. Nictlieioy
is situated on the Bay of Rio de
Janeiro. In 1834, when the
city of Rio de Janeiro was
formed into a "municipio neu-
tro" and separated from the
rest of the state, Nictheroy be-
came the capital of the prov-
ince and remained so until
1894. The first bishop, Fran- cois de Rogo Maia, b. at Per- nambueo, 29 Sept., 1849, was elected in Sept., 1893. The second bishop, Jean - Frangois Braga, b. at Pelotas, Diocese of St. Pierre de Rio Grande, 24 Aug., 1867, cons. 24 Aug., 1902; transferred to the See of Curityba, 1907. The present bishop, Augustin-Frangois Ben- nassi, b. at Rio de Janeiro, 17 Nov., 1868, was elected 13 March, 1908, and cons. 10 May following. Statistics: area, 15,- 548 square miles ; Cat holic popu- lation, 1,000,300 (Protestants, about 9000); 123 parishes, 100 filial churches or chapels, 89 sec- ular and 35 regular priests, 3 col- leges, and one technical school.
United States of Brazil, A Geograph- ical Sketch (1901) ; Annuaire pontifical cntholique (Paris, 1910).
J. Zevely.
Petronius is believed to have
written a work on the life of the Egyptian monks Petrucci, Ottavio dei, inventor of movable metal
(Vitae patrum Mgypti monachorum); the author type for printing mensural and polyphonic music,
of this work, however, is Rufinus of Aquileia. The b. at Fossombrone near Urbino, Italy, 18 June, 1466;
treatise "De ordinatione episcopi", bearing the d. there, 7 May, 1539. In 1498 he secured from the
name of Petronius as author, is by the elder Petronius, City Council of Venice a twenty years' patent for
who was a man of eloquence and wide acquaintance the exploitation of his invention. Beginning in 1501,
with the secular sciences. Morin has published a he continued his publications for ten years at Venice,
eermon entitled "In die ordinationis vel Natale epis- after which he turned his establishment over to
copi" (Revue bi-n&lictine, 1897, 3 sq.), which Genua- Amadeo Scotti and Niccol6 da Rafael. He after-
dius ascribes to Bishop Petronius of Verona, whom wards secured from the papal authorities a fifteen
Czalpa holds is Petronius of Bologna, but this assign- years' privilege or license for the Papal States. From
ment is not certain. According to Gennadius, Petro- 1513 to l.'>23 he operated a music-printing establish-
nius died during the reign of Emperor Theodosius and ment in his native city, Fossombrone.
Valentinian, i. e., before 450. In the twelfth century Until 1901 Petrucci was considered as the pioneer
appeared a legendary life of the saint, whose relics in the use of the movable metal type for the printing
were discovered in 1141. Shortly after^vards a church of liturgical books, but Dom Rafael Molitor, in his
was erected in his honour at Bologna; a second, " Nachtridentinische Choralreform " (Leipzig, 1901,
planned on a large scale, was begun in 1390, and built I, 94), demonstrates that it was lllric Han, or Hahn,
as far as the cross-aisle. In 1659 the building was a native of Ingolstadt, residing at Rome, who printed
