SALTA
404
SALT LAKE
in the Church belongs exclusively to the Roman
Rite. The Ritual knows two kinds of salt for litur-
gical purposes, the baptismal salt and the blessed
salt. The former, cleansed and sanctified by special
exorcisms and prayers, is given to the catechumen
before entering church for baptism. According to
the fifth canon of the Third Council of Carthage it
would seem that salt was administered to the cate-
chumens several times a year. This use of salt is
attested by St. Augustine "(Conf., I. 1, c. xi) and by
John the Deacon. St. Isidore of Seville speaks of it
(De ofT., II, xxi), but in the Spanish Church it was
not imiversal. The other salt is exorcized and blessed
in the preparation of holy water for the Asperges
before high Mass on Sundaj^ and for the use of the
faithful in their homes. The present formula of
blessing is taken from the Gregorian Sacramentary
(P. L.. LXXVIII, 231). Both baptismal salt and
blessed salt may be used again without a new bene-
diction. The appendix of the Roman Ritual has
a blessing of salt for the use of animals and another in
honour of St. Hubert. The Roman Pontifical orders
salt to be blessed and mixed in the water (mixed in
turn with ashes and wine) for the consecration of a
church. This is also from the Gregorian Sacramen-
tary. Again salt (not speciallj- blessed) maj^ be used
for purifying the fingers after sacred unctions.
Duchesne, C/iris^ian Worship (London, 1904), 317, 331, 410.
Francis Mershman.
Salta, Diocese of (Saltensis), comprises the civil Provinces of Salta and Jujuy in the northern part of the Repubhc of Argentina. It was created on 17 Feb- ruarj', 1807, the territory being taken from the ancient Diocese of C6rdoba del Tucumdn. Until 1898 it com- prised also the civil Provinces of Tucumdn, Santiago del Estero, and Catamarca, which have recently been detached to form new dioceses. The first Bishop of Salta was Nicolas Videla del Pino, who was succeeded by Fray Buenaventura Rizo Patr6n, Monsignor Pablo Padilla y Bdrcena, and the present bishop, Mgr. Matlas Linares y Sanzetenea. The diocese possesses a hand- some cathedral and seminary, and conducts a private printing plant which issues a Catholic daily paper, "Tribuna popular". Religious orders of men are represented by the Redemptorists, who devote them- selves to giving missions, the Fathers of the Divine Word, the Canons Regular of the Lateran, the Sale- sians, who are in charge of the schools, and one con- vent of Franciscans subject to the Congregation of Propaganda. The Sisters of the Good Shepherd, of the Garden of Olives, of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, and Franciscan Tertiaries devote their time to teaching, hospital work, and visiting the sick in their own homes.
Julian Toscano.
Saltillo, Diocese of (Saltillensis), in the Re- public of Mexico, sufTragan of Linares, or Monte- rey. Its area is the same as that of the State of Coahuila (63,728 sq. miles), and its population (1910), 357,652. The city of Saltillo (5190 feet above the sea-level) is the principal residence of the bishop and of the Governor of the State of Coahuila, and, according to above cen.su.s, has a population of 35,()63. This city was founded in 1575 by Francisco Urdinola, and inhabited by the Huachichiles and Borrados Indians of the country, and by Tiaxcalteca.s brought by the Spanish. Th(! Franciscan Father Andres de Ix!6n wa.s one of the first mi-ssionaries in this territory in the sixteenth century. In 1827 the name of Saltillo wna chang^nl to Ciudad Leona Vicario, in honour of thf; ccUibrated Mexican heroine of that name, but the original name always prevailed. The Franci.scan F'athers of the Province of Jalisco hafl eight mi.Ksions in Ojahuila, which, in 1777, formed i^art of the See of Linares, or Monterey, and
belonged to it until 1891, when Leo XIII erected
the See of Saltillo with jurisdiction over the entire
State of Coahuila.
This see has a seminary, with 20 students; 26 paro- chial schools; 10 CathoUc colleges, among these that of St. John Nepomucene; they have altogether 3000 pupils, both boys and girls. The Protestants have 10 colleges with 781 pupils, and 33 churches. In the capital, Saltillo, the present cathedral, which was the former parish church, is worthj' of mention. The city of Parras de la Fuente, with a population of 7000, is also notable. It owes its name to the wild grape vines found there by the Conquistadores. D. Antonio Martin of Sapata, and Fray Agustin de Espinosa, who founded the city there, 18 Feb., 1592. During the Spanish domination it was the residence of the Jesuit Fathers, who gave many missions and cared for the towns of the famous Laguna. The modern city of Torre6n is the most populous of the state; nevertheless it counts but few religious ele- ments.
NoRiEG.i., Geografia de la Repilblica Mixicana (Mexico, 1898).
Camillus Crivelli.
Salt Lake, Diocese of (Lacus Salsis), includes the State of Utah, and slightly more than half of the State of Nevada. The State of Utah (with the excep- tion of a rectangular piece in the extreme north- east corner, included within the boundary lines of Wyoming), forms a parallelogram, which has a length of 350 miles north and south, and an extreme width of nearly 300 miles. Embraced wthin the boundaries of the state is a total area of 84,970 square miles, of which 2,780 square miles is water surface, leaving a land area of 82,190 square miles. Nevada has a total area of 110,700 square miles and of this area 71,578 square miles belongs to the Diocese of Salt Lake, viz., the Counties of Elko, Lander, Eureka, White Pine, Lincoln, and Nye, a group of counties in the eastern part of the state. This westerly boundary of the dio- cese, beginning at the extreme north-west corner of Elko County on the state line between Nevada and Oregon and two miles west of 117° W. long., follows south along a line parallel to this meridian for a dis- tance of one hundred miles to the Battle Mountains, when it turns abruptly to the west, along the north- erly slope of these mountains for a short distance, and then follows a south-westerly line to a point a little south of 40° N. lat. From here it continues south along an irregular line, skirting the western slope of the Shoshone Range, and thence, by an abrupt turn to the left, along a line parallel to the boundary be- tween Nevada and California, it goes back to 117° W. long., which it again closely follows across the Ralston and Amargosa deserts to the southern boundary of the state. This part of the diocc^sc lies within the Great Basin, except an area of about. 12, ()()() square miles located in the extreme 80uth(>rly end, the drainage from which flows into the Colorado River.
Bounded on the north by the States of Wyoming, Idaho, and Oregon, on the west by the western part of Nevada, on the south by California and Arizona, and on the east by Colorado, the Diocese of Salt Lake extends from 109° to 117° W. long., and from 35° to 42° N. lat. This is an immense territory, sparsely settled, made uj) of mountains, deserts, sheep ranges, arable valleys, and alluvial lands. The Catholic population is found largely in mining camps, along railroad sections, in Salt Lake City, Ogden, and Park City. The region embraced bv the diocese is overwhelmingly Mormon. In 1886 all the territory now included within the boundaries of the diocese constituted a vicariate Apostolic, and the Rev. Lawrence Scanlan, the missionary then in charge, W!iH raised to the epi8coi)at(! and the vicariate com- mitted to his care. In 1891 the vicariate Apostolic was erected into a diocese, and the Right Rev.
