ULLERSTON
122
ULLOA
eral priests and nuns who had offered themselves for
the work. On his landing, he found himself the centre
of obloquy, on account of his evidence on the convict
question, for it was supposed to be detrimental to the
colony, which thrived on the free labour of the con-
victs. Nevertheless, his views in the end prevailed,
and transportation was abolished. In 1840 Ulla-
thorne left Australia, as it turned out, for good, travel-
ling to England in company with Bishop Folding.
He had already drawn out a scheme for a regular
hierarchy, rendered possible by the remarkable and
rapid increase in numbers and organization, and when
Dr. Folding went to Rome he obtained its substantial
adoption. Dr. Folding himself became Archbishop
of Sydney; but though UUathorne was more than
once pressed to accept a bishopric there, he remained
staunch in his refusal, and retired to the mission of
Co\entry. Here he used his energy in building a
handsome new church; but after a stay of three years
he had once more to move, being appointed Vicar
Apostolic of the Western District of England, with the
title of Bishop of Hetalona. Two years later, how-
ever, he was transferred to the Central District, in
which he was destined to spend the remaining forty-
one years of his life. He soon acquired influence
among his brother bishops, and in 1S4S he went to
Rome as their delegate, to negotiate the restoration
of the English hierarchy — a task for which he was
specially qualified, in view of the part he had taken
in the similar scheme already carried out in Australia.
His negotiations were successful, and after a delay of two years, due to the Revolution in Rome, the new English hierarchy was proclaimed by Fius IX on 29 September, 18.50. Cardinal Wiseman became the first Archbishop of ^^'estminster, Dr. UUathorne being appointed Bishop of Birmingham. He ruled that dio- cese for thirty-seven years. On the death of Cardinal Wiseman, he was chosen liy Propaganda to succeed him; but Pius IX overruled their choice and ap- pointed Cardinal Manning, and Dr. UUathorne r^ mained at Birmingham. He took part in all the four provincial synods of Westminster, and in 1870 he at- tended the Vatican Council; but for the most part his episcopate was free from incident beyond the steady growih and administration of his diocese. \Mien he fir-st took up his residence in the Midlands, he found the finances in a deplorable condition: he lived to see his diocese thoroughly organized, and many new missions established, as well as new communities of men, the most famous of which was Newman's Con- gregation of Oratorians at Edgbaston. Oscott was at that time a mixed college, and in 1873 Bishop UUa- thorne established a regular diocesan seminary — St. Bernard's, Olton. He al.so devoted himself in a special manner to the convents of his diocese, in all of which he took a personal interest. One of his chief assistants was the well-known Mother Margaret Hal- lahan, who founded a con\'ent of the Dominican Order at Stone, from which there were several branch houses. In 1888 Dr. UUathorne obtained leave from the Holy See to resign his diocese, being given the title of Archbishop of Cabasa. He retired to Oscott College, where he died the following year on the feast of St. Benedict, and was buried at St. Dominic's Con- vent, Stone.
His chief works, written during his liist years, are: "Endowments of Man" (London, 1880); "Ground- work of Christian Virtues" (1882); "Christian Pa- tience" (1886). He also published "Reply to Judge Burton on Religion in Australia" (Sydney, 1835); "La Salette" (1854); "The Immaculate Conception" (1855); "History of Restoration of English Hier- archy" (1871); "The Diillingerites" (1.S74); "An- swer to Gladstone's 'Vatican Decrees'" (1875); and a large number of sermons, pastorals, pamphlets, etc.
For the first half of his lifo (to 18,50), aoe hi.i Aulobiooraphi/, tditcd after his death by Theodosia Drake, of Stone Convent
(1891); for the second half, sec his Letters, edited by the same
(1892).
Other authorities; Cooper in Diet. Nal. Biog., s. v.; Gillow. Bibl. Diet. Eng. Cath.. s. v.. with fuller enumeration of Ulla- thorne's works; MaziI:re Brady, Catholic Hierarchy; Bishop Utlathorne Nurnber of The Oscotian (London, 1S86); (^lancey. Characteristics from the Writings of Archbishop Vltathorne (Lon- don. 1889); Kenny, Hist, o.f Catholicity in Au.^'tralia (1886); PuRCELL, Life of Manning (London, 1896) ; Ward, Life of Wise- man (Ix)ndon, 1897); Birt, Benedictine Pioneers tn Australia (London, 1911): Ward, Life of Newman (London, 1912).
Bernard V^'.^kd.
Ullerston, Richard, b. in the Duchy of Lancaster, England; d. in August or September, 1423. Having been ordained priest in December, 1383, he became feUow of Queen's CoUege, Oxford (1391-1403), holding office in the college, and proceeding doctor of divinity in 1394. In 1408 he became chancellor of the university and in the same year wrote at the request of the Bishop of Sahsbury a sketch of pro- posed ecclesiastical reforms: "Petitiones pro ec- clesiae militantis reformat ione". He also wrote a commentary on the Creed (1409), one on the Psalms (1415), another on the Canticle of Canticles (1415), and "Defensorium dotationis ecclcsiasticae", a work in defence of the donation of Constantine. At the request of Archbishop Courtenay he wrote a treatise, "De officio militari", addressed to Henrj-, Prince of Wales. From 1403 he held the prebend of Oxford in Salisbury cathedral, and from 1407 the rectory of Beeford in Yorkshire.
Tanner. Bibl. Brit.-Heb. (London, 1748); a Wood, Hist, and Aniiq. of Oxford (Oxford, 1792-6); Pitts, De itlust. .inglia scrip- lorihus (Paris, 1619). EdW!N BuRTON.
Ulloa, Antonio de, naval officer and scientist, b. at Seville, Spain, 12 Jan., 1710; d. near Cadiz, Spain, 5 July, 1795. He entered the navy in 1733. In 1735 he was appointed with Jorge Juan, another young Spaniard, a member of a scientific expedition which the French Academy of Sciences was sending to Peru to measure a degree of the meridian at the equator. They remained there for nearly ten years. In 1745, having finished their scientific labours, he and Jorge Ju.an prepared to return to Spain, agreeing to travel on different ships in order to minimize the danger of losing the important fruits of their labours. The ship upon which Ulloa was traveUing was cap- tured by the British, and he was taken as a prisoner to England. In that country, through his scientific attainments, he gained the friendship of the men of science, and was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of London. In a short time, through the influence of the president of this society, he was released and was able to return to Spain. He became prominent as a scientist and was appointed to serve on various important scientific commissions. In 1766 he was sent as Governor to "La Florida Occidental" (Louis- iana), where he remained two years, and in 1779 he became lieutenant general of the naval forces. He is to be credited with the establishment of the first museum of natural history, the first metallurgical laboratory in Spain, and the observatory of Cadiz. As a result of his scientific work in Peru, he pubUshed (Madrid, 1784) "Relaci6n hist6rica del viaje a la America Meridional", which contains a full, accu- rate, and clear description of the greater p.art of South America geographically, and of its inhabitants and natural history. In collaboration with the Jorge Juan mentioned above, he also wTote "Noticias se- cret as de .\mcrica", giving valuable information regarding the early religious ordei-s in Spanish Amer- ica. This work was published bv David Barry in London, 1826.
U1.1.OA, Relacidn histdrica del viaje d ta AmMca Meridional, tr. .\DAM8 (2 vols.. Ix>ndon, 1807).
Ventura Fuentes.
Ulloa, Francisco de, d. 1540. It is not known when he came to Mexico nor if he accompanied Hernan Corti'-s in his first expedition to California.
