VAN DE VELDE 270 VAN DE VYVER
was De la Pasture, which was transformed in Flemish into Van der Weyden. His family, settled in Tour- nai since 1260, were people of means. He is beheved to have commenced his artistic life as a goldsmith, and his figures show that he understood some kind of sculpture. He was apprenticed to Robert Campin in 1427, became a master painter, was admitted into the Guild of St. Luke in 1432, and three years later was painter in ordinary to the municipality of Brussels. He only had the appointment, however, for a year, when the office of town painter was abolished. He was said to have been a pupil of van Eyck, e. g. by Vasari and other writers, but the researches of Weale in Flemish documents proved this incorrect, and showed that Campin was Rogier's master. His work is far more religious than that of van Eyck, and the figures in his pictures much more dramatic, animated, and at times almost tragic. He was full of employment and obtained high prices. He lived at Brussels, and had four children, Cornelius, who became a Carthusian, Peter, who was a painter, John, who was a goldsmith, and one daughter, Margaret. He was a generous benefactor, especially to Carthusian houses. One of his important altar-pieces, now in Berlin, was painted for the Cartuja of Miraflores in Spain, another, now in the Escorial, for the Carthusian house at Scheut, a third, at Antwerp, for the Bishop of Toumai, who desired to give it to a Carthusian house, and a fourth for the Carthusian monastery of Herinnes, where Cornelius resided. The "Joys and Sorrows of our Lady of Pity", now at Berlin, the "Seven Sacraments", at Antwerp, the "Adoration, of the Magi", at Berlin, and the mar- vellous triptych in the Prado, are his greatest works. There are also paintings by him at Frankfort and Munich, and others attributed to him elsewhere.
Weale in Le Belfroi, passim.
George Chales Williamson.
Van de Velde, Peter (Pedro Campaña), painter, b. at Brussels, 1503; d. in that city in 15S0. This artist should really be grouped under the head of the Spanish School, and is more generally known by his Spanish name. His actual birth-name was Pieter de Kempeneer, translated into French as Champaigne. His early life appears to have been passed in Italy, where he carefully studied the paintings of Raphael, and declared himself as his pupil. In 1530 he was at work at some scene-painting, representing a triumphal arch to be erected on the occasion of the coronation of Charles V, and he then left for Spain, on the advice, it is said, of Cardinal Grimani, and passed the rest of his life in that country, only returning to Brussels about 1563 or 1565. Between 1537 and 1562 he was associated with Luis de Vargas and the Italian sculp- tor Torregiano in establishing a school of painting in Seville, which eventually became the academy of the place; amongst the pupils educated in it was the celebrated Morales. He painted for the monastery of St. Mary of Grace, Church of Santa Cruz, in the city, an altar-piece representing the "Descent from the Cross", which is now in the cathedral, having been removed there when the church fell into ruins. This is dated 1548, and is regarded as his masterpiece. There arc other works by the same painter in Seville cathedral, especially two representing the "Purifica- tion of the Virgin" and the "Resurrection"; and the various churches of the city, S. Isidoro, S. Pedro, S. Catalina, and S. Juan, all possess paintings by this artist. One of his last works was the restoration and repainting of a chapel belonging to Hernando de Jaen, an important resident in Seville. Murillo requested that he should be buried near Campaiia's picture, and his burial took place in the Church of Santa Cruz, dose underneath the "Descent from the Cross", but the whole building was burned to
the ground during the French war, and the tomb
perished.
Palomino de Castso, Las Vidas de los Pinlores Eminenles Espanoles (Madrid. 1715); Hartley. Spanish Painling (Lon- don. 1904); and tiie dictionaries of Kugler, Benezit. Siret, and Brt.vn. See also Bermudez, Diccionario hUtorico . . . Bellas Aries en Espana (Madrid, 1800).
George Charles Williamson.
Van de Ven, Cornelius. See Natchitoches, Diocese of.
Van De Vyver, Augustine, sixth Bishop of Richmond, Virginia; b. at Hssdonck, East Flanders, Belgium, 1 Dec, 1844; d. at Richmond, 16 Oct., 1911. His parents were .John Ferdinand Van De Vyver and Sophia (De Schepper). He was educated in the city of St. NichoIas,Belgium, ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^_
can College, Lou- ^^^^^^^Bl^ '^^^^^^H vain (1867-70). ^^^^^^ ^^^^
Ordained priest, 24 July, 1870, he served successive- ly as assistant at St. Peter's Cathe- dral, Richmond, pastor of Harper's Ferry (1875-81), pastor of the ca- thedral, and vicar- gen era 1 of the Diocese of Rich- mond (1881-89). .Assigned with him at the cathedral for a time was the Rev. Dennis J. O'Connell, D.D., who was destined to become his successor in the See of Richmond. Father Van De Vyver's appoint- ment by Rome to succeed Bishop Keane as Bishop of Richmond, 16 July, 1889, was furthered by a petition of the priests of the diocese. He was consecrated, 20 October, 1SS9, having as conse- crating prelates his two predecessors. His Eminence James Cardinal Gibbons and Bishop J. J. Keane (afterwards archbishop), then rector of the Catholic University, Washington. During Bishop Van De Vyver's administration Mr. and Mrs. Thomas For- tune Ryan of New York donated the Sacred Heart Cathedral, the former the building, the latter the fur- nishings, at a cost of nearly- a half million dollars. His Eminence, Cardinal (then Apostolic Delegate and Archbishop) Diomede Falconio, laid the corner stone of the new cathedral, 4 June, 1903, and consecrated the same, 29 November, 1906. In a quasi-synod held by the bishop, 12 November, 1907, new laws were en- acted to meet the needs of the diocese. Guided by a spirit of deep humility, Bishop Van De Vyver made several ineffectual attempts to resign his see. The first, in 1903, and the second, in 1905, were frustrated by the Church authorities, priests and people being ignorant of his intention. The bishop's third and almost successful attempt to resign (1908) came to the knowledge of the people, who held a great mass meet- ing of protest, their cause being materially aided by the public Press. The efforts of clergy and laity caused the final withdrawal of his resignation.
In 1910 Bishop Van De Vyver acted as spiritual director of a pilgrimage to Rome. He had already made two "ad limina" visits to the Eternal City, one shortly after consecration, the other in 1905. Among the later works which he inaugurated may be men- tioned the erection of the McGill Catholic Union and the Knights of Columbus home. At his sug-
