missed. Contrary to the bishop's expectation, the return of Harold complicated the situation. It was a more serious mistake that on 9 Oct., 1826, he capitulated to the trustees, yielding to them the right of determining salaries and of vetoing his appointments. Highly displeased at this surrender of episcopal rights, the Holy See appointed an administrator and sum- moned the bishop to Rome. His explanations were pronounced unsatisfactory and he was forbidden to return to his see. He did return to Philadelphia and received permission to perform episcopal functions, without interfering in matters of administration. In 1830 Francis Patrick Kenrick arrived as coadjutor and administrator, and Bishop Conwell spent his remaining years in seclusion and prayer.
Shea. History of the Catholic Church in the U. S., (New York, 1890) III; FiNOTTl. Bibl. Cath. Americana (New York, 1872), gives an extensive list of the literature of the Hogan Schism.
James F. Loughlin.
Conza, Archdiocese of (Comps.\na), with the
perpetual administration of Campagna {Campaniensis). Conza, a city of the province of Avellino, Southern Italy, on the River Ofanto (the ancient Aufidus),
was formerly called Compsa, and belonged to the Hirpini, allies of the Samnites during their wars with the
Romans. It was captured in 213 B. c. by Fabius
Maximus and was made a Roman colony. During
the Second Punic War it was betrayed to Hannibal
(214 B. c.) and opened the way to Capua. The city
was twice destroyed by earthquakes (980, 1694), and
was at one time nearly abandoned. The first known
Bishop of Conza is Pelagius, who was present at the
Roman synod of 743 held under Pope Zacharj'. The
see was raised to the rank of an archbishopric under
Alexander II or Gregory VII (i. e. between 1061 and
1085), having previously been a suffragan of Salerno.
Among the bishops worthy of mention is the Blessed
Erberto (1169). The bishops resided either in their
feudal stronghold of San Menna, at Campagna, or at
Sant' Angelo de' Lombardi, the present episcopal
residence. The Diocese of Campagna was erected
by Clement VII, 19 June, 1525; the see was vacant
from 1793 to 1818, when it was placed under Conza.
The dioceses together have a population of 123,000,
with 37 parishes, 230 churches and chapels, 232 secular and 10 regular priests, 3 reUgious houses of men
and 5 of women.
Cappelletti, Le chiese d' Italia (Venice, 1844), XX, 531; Ann. eccl. (Rome, 1907). 424-26.
Cooktown, Vicariate Apostolic of, comprises
North Queensland, Australia, from 16° 30' south
latitude to Cape York, and from the Pacific Coast to
the boundary of Northern Territory. It was formed
out of the Diocese of Brisbane, as a pro-vicariate in
1876, was first entrusted to Italian priests, who subsequently withdrew, and, in 1882, to the Irish Augustinians (Father John Hutchinson, Pro-Vicar). In 1887 the mission was created a vicariate apostolic, and Dr. Hutchinson was appointed its first vicar. He died 28 October, 1897, and was succeeded by the Right Rev. James D. Murray, consecrated 3 July, 1898. The administrative centre of the vicariate is at Cairns.
Statistics to close of 1907. — Parochial districts, 7; stations, .32; churches, 18; regular priests, II; nuns, 24; boarding school, 1 ; primary schools, 3; children attending Catholic schools, 470; Catholic population, about 6000.
Mohan. History of the Catholic Church in Avstralasia (Sydney, s. d.): Australasian Catholic Directory (Sydney, 1908).
Coombes, William Henry, b. 8 May, 1767; d. 15
November, 1850. He passed his early years at Meadgate, Somersetshire, England, the property and for
many years the residence of his uncle, Rev. William
Coombes (d. 18 April, 1822), of Douai College, Grand
Vicar of the Western District. Yoxmg Coombes wen
to Douai at the age of twelve, was ordained in 1791
and during the French Revolution escaped (October
1793) from Dourlens to England. He was a doctoi
of theology and co-operated earnestly with Bisho[
Douglass at Old Hall seminary as professor and vice
president. From ISIO he served the mission of Shep
ton Mallet till 1849, when he retired to Downsidi
monastery, where he died. He is described as a spirit
ual and self-denying priest, an eminent scholar anc
theologian. His chief works are: "Sacred Eloquence
being Discourses from the Writings of Sts. Basil am
Chrysostom, with the Letters of St. Eucherius o
Lyons" (London, 1798); "Escape from France; witl
an account of the Englisli Poor Clares from Aire, am
a narrative of the sufferings and death of Pius VI'
(London, 1799); "Life of St. Francis de Sales, fron
the French of MarsoUier" (Shepton Mallet, 1812)
"Spiritual Entertainments of St. Francis de Sales'
(Taunton, 1814); "The Essence of Religious Con
troversy" (1827); "Life of St. Jane Frances di
Chantal" (London, 18.30). There survive certah
other writings by Coombes on religious and politica
themes.
Oliver. Collectanea, 272; GiLiow. Bibl. Did. Eng. Cath. I, 553; Coopeh in Diet. Nat. Biog., XII, 109.
Copacavana (also called Copacabana), a village of about four hundred people, Indians chiefly, on tin shore of Lake Titicaca, pro\'ince of Omasuyos, ii northern Bolivia. It is the location of a famous sane tuary dedicated to Our Lady of Carmel, and of i convent of Franciscan Recollects. During the war: of independence it was despoiled of most of its ricl ornaments and gifts, and ruthless plundering by faith less custodians in the course of political disturbancei has further contributed to impoverish it. The edi fices, originally very handsome, are in a state of sac neglect. It is a shrine for pilgrims from Bolivia anc southern Peru, and on 6 August the feast of it: patron saint is frequented by thousands. Befon 1534 Copacavana was an outpost of Inca occu]iatioi and perhaps the only one on Bolivian soil of anj prominence. The Incas held it as the key to the verj ancient shrine and oracle on the Island of Titicaca which they had adopted as a place of worship, yield ing to the veneration in which it stood among thi Aymara from time almost immemorial. There wen at Copacavana minor shrines, in \\ hich the ceremonia of the Incas was observed with that of the origina inhabitants. Wlien the Spaniards first visited fh< Islands of Titicaca and Koati, in 1534 and 15.38, thi primitive cults were abandoned and the Dominicani made Copacavana the centre of their missions. Secu lar priests then replaced them at the instigation o the Viceroy Francisco de Toledo, and finally the mis sion and its annexes were entrusted to the Angus tinians in 1589.
In 1582 an Indian from Copacavana, struck by th( sight of the statues of the Blessed Virgin which h( saw in some of the churches at La Paz, tried to niak( one himself, and after many failures, succeeded in pro- ducing one of fair workmanship for an untraiiiet native, and it was ])laced at Copacavana as the statu( of the tutelar protectress of the community. Manj miracles have been attributed to it. and its fame hat spread far bej'ond the limits of its surroundings. Il is kept in a special chapel, where the Indians are un- tiring in their devotions. The jewels with which it i; adorned are jierhaps the only ones in the church that have not been replaced by modern imitations. Dur- ing the uprising of the Indians in 1781, while the church itself was desecrated, the "Camarin". as thf chapel is called, remained tintouched and exempt from spoliation. Copacavana is the scene of offer repulsively boisterous Indian celebrations. On the
