CORONEL
386
CORPORAL
solemn procession in which the emperor enters the
church and is conducted to his throne. The lifting
upon a shield which was long retained in the old
Greek ritual of Constantinople is not now used at
Moscow. After the emperor has recited the Nicene
Creed a.s a profession of faith, and after an invocation
of the Holy Ghost and litany, the emperor assumes
the purple chlamys and then the crown is presented
to him. He takes it and puts it on his head himself,
while the metropolitan says, "In the name of the
Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost, Amen",
and then the metropolitan makes the following short
address: "Most God-fearing, absolute and mighty
Lord, Emperor of all the Russias, this visible and
tangible adornment of thy head is an eloquent symbol
that thou as the head of the whole Russian people art
invisibly crowned by the King of kings, Christ, with a
most ample blessing, seeing that He bestows upon thee
entire authority over His people." This is followed
by the delivery of the sceptre and orb, each with ad-
dresses. Then the queen is crowned, the emjieror for
a moment putting his own crown on the head of the
empress before he invests her with that which prop-
erly belongs to her. This is followed by the proclama-
tion of the emperor's style and by a general act of
homage. The Liturgy Ls then celebrated, and after
the Communion hymn (KoivoiviKdv) the royal gates
of the sanctuary are opened, the emperor is invited to
approach, and there, near the entrance, standing on
the cloth of gold, the emperor and empress are anoint-
ed. In the case of the emperor the forehead, eyes,
nostrils, mouth, ears, breast, and the hands on both
sides, are all touched with oil but in the case of the
empress the unction is confined to the forehead only.
Then the emperor passes within the royal gates and
receives both the Eucharistic species as a priest does,
separately. The empress, however, remains outside,
and receives only, as the Greek laity usually do, by
intinetion.
General. — Thalhofer in KirchenUi., s. v. Knmung; Ven- ABLES in Diet. Christ. Ant., s. vv. Coronation and Crown.- M\a- -rEN^.DeAnliqiiis Ecdesite Uitibus (Venice, 1783). II. 201-241; Catalani, Cmremoniale Romanum (Home, 1750), I, 85-145; Ponlificale Romanum (Rome, 1736), I. 369-417.
Particular Rite.'!. — Bymntine. — Sickfx, Das byzantimsche Krunungsrecht bis sum 10. Jahrhundert in Byzantinische Zeit- schriU (Leipzig, 1S9S), VII: Brightman, Byzantine Imperial Coronations in Joum. of Theol. Studies (1901), II, 359-392. Spanish. — Ferotin, Monumrnia Errlr.iias Liluririca (Paris, 1904). IV, 498-505. Cellir — IUttf, S,;,ii,xIi t ■,„■.,„
don, 1902); CooPERj Four. ^■r,,' ■: .
Eccles. Society); Kinlocii. -
Review (1902). English.- ^l : •. i, '/ . , ' ^'^
clesiaAnglicana (Ox!ord,lb>,-. li. \\.ji;l- ■-- . 'linner
of Coronation of King Charles 1 (London, ISU-';. Ihc vn-t num- ber of publications produced on the coronation of E,dward VII cannot be mentioned here, but among the more important are Wickham-Legg. English Coronation Records (London, 1901); Wordsworth. Three English Coronation Orders (London, 1901); Macleane, The Great Solemnity (London, 1902); Thurston, The Coronation Ceremonial (London, 1902), and in Nineteenth Cen- tury (March. 1902), and in The Month (June, July. 1902); Wil- son, The English Coronation Orders in Jour, of Theol. Studies (July 1901). Imperial Coronations. — Diemand, Das Cere- moniell der Kaiserkrrmungen (Munich, 1894); Waitz. Die Eor- meln fh-r ^h-^'t.-rhrn Kiinigs-vnd der riimischm Kaiserkriinung (GtiH;:i ■■■( 1^71 *; ScHWARzER. Die. Ordines der Kai.^erkriinung. jil, , 1 tKmcK, The Order of Coronation of Charles V
(Hii.i. r.i I i i'l" Society, 1899); Maltzew, Bill- Dank- und He,A,-i.o.'/..„.'.,;i.,rt (Berlin. 1897), 1-61; Haase. Die Kuniga- Krtjnungtn in Oberitalien (Strasburg. 1901); .Macistrf.tti. Pontificate Ambrosianum (Milan, 1897).
Herbert Thttrston.
Coronel, Gregorio Nunez, a distinguished theolo- gian, writer, and preacher, b. in Portugal, about l.')4S; d. about 1()20. At an early age he entered the Order of St. .\ugustine in one of its many houses in his native land. He manifested, during the course of his stud- ies, great powers of research and a ready grasp of the most abstruse problems of philosophy and theology. Soon after his ordination to th(^ jiriesthood he became famous as a profound theologian and master of .sacred eloquence. When his fame was at its zenith, he left Portugal and w;is appointed by the Duke of Savoy
Lon-
Ut02,
hlin
chaplain and preacher to his court. He came to
Rome by order of his superiors, and there took the
degree of Doctor of Divinity. Coronel taught theol-
ogy for many years in the Eternal City with credit
to himself and honoiu- to his order. At this time the
controversy about the efficacy of Divine grace and
free will between the Jesuits and Dominicans was at
its height. The reigning pontiff. Clement VIII, estab-
lished the famous Congregatio de Auxiliis to decide
the points at issue, and Coronel was appointed by the
jjope to the onerous and invidious position of secre-
tary. He was continued in this office by Pope Clem-
ent's successor, Paul V. As a reward for his services
to the congregation, he was offered a bishopric. This 3
he declined, saying that at his age — he was then sixty li
— honours and responsibilities were rather to be laid J
down than assumed. He attended the general chap- i
ter of his order, held at Rome in lf)20, as definitor of i :
the Sardinian province. Coronel 's principal works]
are: "Libri decem de vera Christ! Ecclesia" (Rome,
In
iloi
1594); "Libri sex de optimo reipublicse statu"
(Rome, 1597); "De traditionibus apo.stolicis" (Rome,
1597). A history of the Congregatio de Auxiliis, in^
manuscript, is preserved in the Angelica Library in
Rome.
Elssius, Encomiasticon A uqi. OsslNGF.R. Bibliotheca .1 ; . ': Lanteri. Postrema .so-cn/.; 1860); Barbosa and Xuii.. Bibliotheca: Angelica (Ri.ii.r. I v.i. tiniani Crusenii continually \,\ -M.
ininnum (Brus.sels, 1654);
-7,i,7 (Ingoldstadt, 1768); .\ugustinianfB (Rome, ' '!<ilngu.s manuscriptorum WJl l;\KiiON, Monastici Augus-
uh.l. 1903).
J. A. Knowles.
Coronel, Jr.\x, b. 1.569, in Spain: d. 1651
Merida, Mexico. He made his academic studies ai
the University of Alcala de Henares, and joined th<
Franciscans of the province of Castile. He was sent t<
Yucatan, Mexico, in 1590, and there so familiarizec
himself with the Maya language that he was able tt «"»
teach it, the historian Cogolludo being one of his pu
pils. Cogolludo says he wrote a Slaya gramma
(Arte) that was printed in Mexico, of which, howevei
nothing else is known. A catechism in Maya: " Doc
trina cristiana en lengua Maya", was published a
Mexico in 1C)2U, and in the same year there appeared i
print, also at Mexico, "Discursos predicables y trati
dos espirituales en lengua Maya". Both are exceec
ingly rare. Father Coronel was one of the foremoi
teachers of the Indians of Yucatan in the seventeent
century. He was a strict Observant for sixty-seve
years, always travelling barefooted. His great au;
terity impeded his election to the office of Pro\nnci
of the Franciscan Order in Yucatan.
Cogolludo, Hisioria de Yucatan (Madrid, 16SS; M^rid Dj 1842); Beristaix. Bihlioteca hispano-americana (Mexico, 181 Amecameca, 1883); Squier, Monograph, etc. (New Yor 1861) ; he merely copies Beristain.
Ad. F. B.vndelier,
ttill
Corporal (from Lat. corpus, body), a squa
white linen cloth, now usually somewhat smaller th;
the breailth of an altar, upon which the Sacred He
and chalice are placed during the celebratiori of Ma
Although formal evidence is wanting, it may fairly
assiuned that something in the nature of a corpo:
has been in use since the earliest tlays of Christianii
Naturally it is difficult in the early stages to dist
guish the corporal from the altar-cloth, and a pasi
of St. Optatus (c. .S75), which asks, "What Christ
is unaware that in celebrating the Sacred Myster]
the wood [of the altar] is covered with a linen clot!
(ipsa lignn lintetimine cooprriri, Optatvis, VI,
Ziwsa, p. 145), leaves us in doul>t which he is refer)
to. This is probably the earliest ilirect testimoi
for the statement of the "Liber Pontificalis",
[Pope Sylvester] decreed that the Sacrifice should
be cclelirateil upon a silken or dyed cloth, but O]
on linen, spnmg from the earth, as the Body of ■
Lord ,Iesus Christ was buried in a clean linen shroij
(Mominsen, p. 51), cannot be relied upon. Still,
»«w
■till
