FATHERS
18
FAURIEL
Christianiti/ . , . Nicene Period (2 vols., London, 1893);
KrOger, Gesch. der alichristlichen Lilt, in den ersten 3 Jahrh.
(Freiburg im Br. and Leipzig. 1895-7); tr. Gillet (New York,
1897) — this is the best modern German Prot. history. The fol-
lowing consists of materials: A. Harnack, Gesckichte der
altckr. Liu. bis Eusebius, 1, Die Ueberlieferung (Leipzig, 1893;
this vol, enumerates all the known works of each writer, and all
ancient references to thera, and notices the MSS.); II, 1 (1S97),
and II, 2 (1904), Die Chronologie, discussing the date of each
writing; the latter Greek period is dealt with by Krumbacher,
Gesckichte der byzantinischen Lilt. 527-11*53 (2nd ed. with assist-
ance from Ehrhard, Munich, 1897). The following collected
series of studies must be added: Texte und Untersuchungen zur
Gesckichte der altckristlichen Litt., ed. voN Gebhardt and A.
Harnack (1st series, 15 vols., Leipzig, 1883-97, 2nd series,
Nctte Folge, 14 vols., 1897-1907, in progress) — the editors are
now Harnack and Schmidt; Robinson, Texts and Studies
(Cambridge. 1891 — in progress); Ehrhard and MuLLER,.S7rass-
burger tkeologiscke Studien (12 vols., Freiburg im Br., 1S94 — in
progress); Ehrhard and Kirsch, Forschungen zur ckristl. Litt.
und Dogmengeschichte (7 vols., Paderborn, in progress); La
Pensee chretienne (Paris, in progress); Studii e Testi (Vatican
press, in progress). Of histories of development of dogma,
Harnack, Dogmengesckickte (3 vols., 3rd ed., 1894-7, a new ed.
is in the press; French tr., Paris, 189S; Engl, tr., 7 vols., Edin-
burgh, 1894-9), a very clever and rather "viewy" work;
LooFS, Leitfaden ziim Studinm der D. G. (Halle, 18S9; 3rd ed.,
1893); Seeberg, Lekrb. der D. G. (2 vols., Erlangen, 1895),
conservative Protestant; Jgem, Grundriss der D. G. (1900; 2nd
ed., 1905), a smaller work; Schwane, Dogmengesckickte, Catho-
lic (2nd ed., 1892, etc.; French tr., Paris, 1903^); Bethune-
Baker, Introduction to early History of Doctrine (London, 1903) ;
TixERONT, Histoire des Dogmes: I, La tkcologie anti-niccenne
(Paris, 19()5 — excellent); and others.
Philological: — On the common Greek of the early period see MouLTON, Grammar of N. T. Greek: I, Prolegomena (3rd ed., Edinburgh, 1909), and references; on the literary Greek, A. d. 1-250, ScHMiD, Der Atticismus von Dion.. Hal. bis auf den zweiten Philostratus (4 vols., Stuttgart, 1887-9); Thumb, Die grieckiscke Spracke im. Zeitalter des Hellenismus (Strasburg, 1901). Besides the Tkesaurus of Stephanus (latest ed., S vols., fo!., Paris, 1831-65) and lexicons of classical and Biblical Greek, special dictionaries of later Greek are Du Cange, Glos- sarium ad scriptores medice et inflmcB grcecitatis (2 vols., Lyons, 1688, and new ed., Breslau, 1890-1); Sophocles, Greek Lexicon of tke Roman and Byzantine Periods, U6-1100 (3rd ed., New York, 1888); words wanting in Stephanus and in Sophocles are collected by KuMANUDES (2. A. Kovfj^avovSr)!;), ^waytoyJi Aefewi' aerjaavpiaTtov e'f Tois fX\r)viKoi<: M^lkoIs (Athens, 1883); gen- eral remarks on Byzantine Greek in Krumbacher, op. cit. On patristic Latin, Koffmane, Gesch. des Kirchenlaieins: I, Entste' hung , . . bis auf Augustinus-Hieronymus (Breslau, 1879-81); Norden, Die antike Kunstprosa (Leipzig, 1898), II; there is an immense number of studies of the language of particular Fathers [e. g. Hoppe on Tertullian (1897); Watson (1896) and Bayard (1902) on Cyprian; Goeltzbr on Jerome (1884); Regner on Augustine (1886), etc.], and indices latinitatis to the volumes of the Vienna Corpus PP. latt.; Traube, Quellen und Untersuchungen zur lat. Phil, des Mittclalters, I (Munich, 1906); much will be found in Archiv fur lat. Lexicographic, ed. Wolff- lin (Munich, began 1884).
Translations: — Library of Ike Fathers of ike Holy Catholic Church, translated by members of Ike English Ck. (by Pusey, Newman, etc.). (45 vols.. Oxford, 1832 — ). Roberts and Donaldson. The Ante-Nicene Christian Library (24 vols., Edinburgh, 1866-72; new ed. by Coxe, Buffalo, 1884-6, with Richardson's excellent Bibliographical Synopsis as a Suppl., 1887); ScHAFF AND Wage. A Select Library of Nicene and post- Nicene Fathers of theChr. Ch., with good notes (14 vols., Buffalo and New York. 1886-90, and 2nd series, 1900, in progress).
Encyclopedias and Dictionaries: — Suicer, Thesaurus ec- clesiasticus, e patribus grmcis ordine alphabetico exhibens quce- cumque phrases, rilus, dogmata, kcereses et hujusmodi alia spec- tant (2 vols., Amsterdam, 1682; again 1728; and Utrecht, 1746); Hoffmanns, Bibliographisckes Lexicon der gesammten Litt. der Griechen (3 vols., 2nd ed., Leipzig, 1838-45); the arti- cles on early Fathers and heresies in the Encuclopccdia Britan- nica (8th ed.) are, many of them, by Harnack and still worth reading; Wetzer and Welte, Kirchenlex., ed. Hergen- ruther. and then by Kaulen and others, 12 vols., one vol. of index (Freiburg im Br., 1882-1903); Herzoq, Realencpklopddie fur prot. Theol. und Kirche, 3rd ed. by Hauck (21 vols.. 1896- 1908); Vacant and Mangenot, Did. de Theol. cath. (Paris, in progress) ; Cabrol, Diet, d'archeologie chr. et de liiurgie (Paris, in progress); Baudrillart, Diet, d'hist. et de gdogr. eccUsiastiques (Paris, in progress); Smith and Wace, A Dictionary of Christian Biography, is very full and valuable (4 vols., London. 1877-87).
General Books of Reference: — Ittig, De Bibliotkecis et Catenis Patrum, gives the contents of the older collections of Fathers whith woro enumerated above (Leipzig, 1707); Idem. Schediasma dr ntirtnrilniN qui de scriptoribus ecclesiasticis egerunt (Leipzig. ITIlt; I ). iw i.int;. Notifia scriptorum SS. PP. . . . qucF in r.>ll..>. n,'. , ^,:...',.^.^v■..; p" f nmnnn MDCC in tumn
ediflscaNi,'- ' t:^.., ,■..1, ..f I I ii.,' /'. I :.>■!. rr r,//.. Ox-
ford. is:;'j , ■,,, ,.1,,,,, ,i.l,- , 1, ,m u.„l. .- I'MuuMn-. Die
altrkrislh.h. / ■" .,n.i ,h . I ■;-..■ . /, .... ' .' ■.; |, .\ll,,,-mvinc r^'^rr.sfV/;/. I.s^ll } a-liMl-ut-K nil lii I 'M . II. \ n\r-S u,Ui- Hi .,
ISSl-l'.MK) ( i'.tOO); tiiebibiiograpl Im .^..lkMuf iUitNA.K
ati.l of Baiii'Kniiewer (see almv. ir> ■ -iNut; for Atiti-- Ni<-ciic pcrio.l. IticiiARnBON, Bibli'«r i'>""" ■-'/'"•ii>ii-'^ (in extra vol. of Atitc-Niccne Fathers, Bulhil.p, issTi; for the whole period. Chevalier. Repertoire des simrces kisturiuues du moyen- 6.gei Bio-bibliographie, gives names of persons (2nd ed., Paris.
1905-07): Topo-bibliographie gives names of places and sub-
jects (2na ed., Paris, 1894-1903); progress each year is recorded
in Holtzmann and Kruger's Theologiscker Jahresbericht from
1881; Kroll and Gurlitt, Jahresbericht fiir klassiscke Alter-
thumswissensckaft (both Protestant); Bihlmeyer, Hagio-
graphischer Jakresberickt for 1904-6 (Kempten and Munich,
1908). A very complete bibliography appears quarterly in the
Revue d'hist. ecrl. (Louvain, since 1900), with index at end of
year; in this publ. the names of all Reviews dealing with patris-
tic matters will be found.
John Chapman.
Fathers of the Faith of Jesus. See Paccanar-
ISTS.
Fathers of the Holy Sepulchre. See Holy
Sepulchre, Fathers of the.
Fathers of the Oratory. See Oratorians.
Faunt, Lawrence Arthur, a Jesuit theologian; b. 1554; d. at Wilna, Poland, 28 February, 1590-91. After two years at Merton College, Oxford (1568-70) under the tuition of John Potts, a well-known philoso- pher, he went to the Jesuit college at Louvain where he took his B.A. After some time spent in Paris he entered the ITniversity of Munich under the patronage of Duke William of Bavaria, proceeding M.A. The date of his entrance into the Society of Jesus is dis- puted, some authorities giving 1570, others 1575, the year in which he went to the English College, Rome, to pursue his studies in theology. It is certain, how- ever, that on the latter occasion he added Lawrence to his baptismal name, Arthur. He was soon made pro- fessor of divinity and attracted the favourable atten- tion of Gregory XHI, who, on the establishment of the Jesuit college at Posen in 15S1, appointed him rector. He was also professor of Greek there for three years, of moral theology and controversy for nine more, and was held in highest repute among both ecclesiastical and secular authorities. His chief theological works are: "De Christi in terris Ecclesia, qutenam et penes quos existat" (Posen, 1584); "Ccenae Lutheranorum et Calvinistarum oppugnatio ac Catholicae Eucharis- tise defensio'* (Posen, 1586); "Apologia libri sui de invocatione ac veneratione Sanctorum" (Cologne, 15S9).
Cooper in Diet. Nat. Biog. s. v.; Gillow, Bibl. Diet. Eng. Ca/A. s. v.; Hvrter, Nomenclator.
F. M. RUDGE.
Fauriel, Charles-Claude, historian, b. at St- Etienne, France, 27 October, 1772; d. at Paris, 15 July, 1844. He studied first at the Oratorian College of Tournon, then at Lyons. He served in the army of the Pyr^nees-Orientales. Under the Directory Fouch^, an ex-Oratorian, attached him to his cabinet as pri- vate secretary. Under the Empire, he refused office in order to devote all his time to studj\ Fauriel adopted the new ideas of the Philosophers and the principles of the Revolution, but repudiated them in part in the later years of his life. He was an intense worker and knew Greek, Latin, Italian, German, English, San- skrit, and Arabic. It was he who made the merits of Ossian and Shakespeare known to the French public, and spread in France the knowledge of German litera- ture, which had been previously looked upon as unim- portant. He was one of the first to investigate Ro- mance literature, and the originality of his views in this direction soon popularized this new study. He also gathered the remnants of the ancient Basque and Celtic languages. The first works he published were a translation of "La Parthrnride" (Paris, 1811), an idyllic epic by the Danish poet, Baggesen, and of the tram'dy of his friend Manzoni, "II Conte di Carma- gnola " (Paris, lS2;i). The numerous linguistic and Mrcha'oldgical contributions which he wrote for various magazines wcni for him a great reputation among sclioliirs; it was said of him that "he was tlie man of the nineteenth century who put in circulation tlie most ideas, inaugurated the greatest number of branches of study, and gathered the greatest number of new
