HOLY
418
HOLY
house at Saint-Brieuc, in Brittany, and in several
other of its houses in France, in the face of bitter
persecution, several huntlreils of the Sisters of the
Holy Ghost have gone to England, Belgium, and the
United States. The late Bishop Tierncy invited
them to his Diocese of Hartford in 1902, and frorn
there they have already spread to Springliold, Provi-
dence, Fall River, Burlington, and Ogdensburg. There
are 22 houses at present in these several dioceses, and
over 200 sisters. The provincial liouse is at Hartford,
in. Sisters of the Holy Ghost (Dubuque). —
This congregation was founded in 1S90, by the late
Most Rev. John Hennessey, Archbishop of Dubuque.
Its object is twofold, the cultivation of devotion to
God the Holy Ghost, and the education of youth.
The mother-house is in St. Anthony's parish, West
Dubuque, Iowa.
IV. Sistek-Sekvants op the Holy Ghost. — This congregation was founded at Steyl, Holland, in ISNO, by the late Very Rev. Father Janssen, as auxiliary to his other foundation, the Society of the Divine Word. It was introduced into the United States in 1901, and has a convent at Techny, Illinois, and a school for negro children at Vicksburg, Mississippi.
V. Sisters of the Holy Ghost (for coloured people). — This congregation was first estaljlished in 1886 at San Antonio, Texas. So far, it has only two houses, one at San Antonio, and the other at Victoria, Texas.
I. Le Fix)CH, Vie de Poullarl des Places (Pjiris, 1906); Pitra, Vie du Vrn. Pire Libermann (Paris, 1876): Gopfert. Lije of Ven. Father Libermann (Dublin, 1880); Le Roy, Les Missions dfs pires du St-Esprit in Annates de la Propagation de la Foi (Paris, 1904): 'LlMBOun, La Conffrcgaiion du St-Esprit (Paris, 1909). — II. Notice sur la Congregation des Filles du St-Esprit (Saiiit-Brii-uc. ISK.X). — III. Catliolic Ncu-s (Now York, 28 Sept., 1901 ); Cnnsliliiiions of tlic Sisters of the Holi/ GliosI (Dubuque. 1908^. — IV. Die Missionsgenossenschaft von Steyl (.'^teyl, 1900).
John T. Murphy.
Holy Ghost, Servants of the. See Divine Word, Society op the (Nuns).
Holy Grail. See Grail, Holy.
Holy Humility of Mary, Institute of Sisters op The, founded at Dommartin-sous-Amance, France, in 18.55, by John Joseph Begel (b. .5 .\pril, 1817; d. 23 Jan., 1884), pastor of the two villages of Laitre and Dommartin. In 18.54 three pious women. Mile Poi- tier, the foundress, known in religion as Mother Mary Magdalen, Marie Tabourat, later Mother Mary Anna, and Sister Mary Joseph, having offered their services for the work of teaching poor children. Father Begel conceived the idea of establishing a religious commu- nity. The following year he drew up a rule which was adopted by the sisters and approved by the Bishop of Nancy, 29 Aug., 18.58. The object of the new congregation was the education of youth in country districts and small towns, the training of orphans, the care of the sick, and incidentally the decoration of altars in parish churches. The asso- ciation increased in numbers. Soon, however. Father Begel's open condemnation of the policy of Napoleon intow.Trds the Church and especially towards relig- ious orders, brought him into disfavour with the civil authorities, and the sisters of the community were refused diplomas and prevented from opening schools.
In 1863 Father Louis Hoffer of Louisville, Ohio, U. S. A., applied for four sisters to teach in his school. Bishop Rappe of Cleveland not otdy gave his ap- proval, but invited the whole community to settle in his diocese. The sisters, accompanied by Father Begel, set sail 30 May, 1864, and on their arrival took possession of a farm of 2.50 acres near New Bedford, Pennsylvania, which had ju.st been vacated by the Sisters of Charitv of St. Augustine, and to which they gave the name Villa Maria. It was far from a railroad, and the land was imoultivated, undrained, overgrown with brush, and dotted with sloughs, the buildings
being surrounded by a marsh. Moreover, the com-
munity was destitute of resources and burdened with
debt. Notwithstanding this the .sisters immediately
undertook the care of orphans and the work to which
they had pledged themselves, and were soon able to
enlarge the buildings (l,S(i9 and 187.S). In 1S79 a
hospital was built, and shortly afterwards a chapel.
The year l,s,S4 was marked by the death of F:ither
Begel, the veneralile founder. In 189!) ground was
purchased at Cleveland, Ohio, for an ac;idcniy, which
was chartered a few years later under the title of Our
Lady of Lourdes, ami empowered to confer degrees.
In 1897 it was removed to a more suitaljle location.
Owing to the remoteness of Mlla Maria from rail- road facilities, a tract of sixty-three acres between Canton and Ma-ssiUon. Ohio, \v;is purchased in 1904 for the purpo.se of erecting a new mother-house, to be kno^vn as Moiuit .Maria, and a college, which was opened in 190S under the title of College of the Immac- ulate Conception.
The sisters wear a blue woollen h;d)it, for headdress a gimp and bandeau, a black veil being worn by the professed, and a white one 1 ly no\'ices. A silver medal is suspended from the neck on a blue band, and a rosary from the girdle, which is also of blue. The novitiate lasts from two and a half to three vcars, and perpetual vows are made at the end of nme years. The superior, her two assistants, and four consultors are elected trienni;illy.
The congregation numbers (1909) about 200 mem- bers, including postulants and novices, in charge of 15 parochial scliools attended by 6400 children, 2 academies, and an orphan asylum at Villa Maria.
Holy Infancy, Brothers of the, founded in
1853 by the Right Rev. John Timon, the first Bishop
of Buffalo. The special aim of this congregation is
the sanctification of its members and the care of des-
titute and wayward boys. Bishop Timon, upon tak-
ing possession of his see, gave his first care to the
orphans and neglected of his flock. He purchased a
tract of land in West Seneca, now the city of Lacka-
wanna, and established St. Jo.seph's Male Orphan
Asylum and, a little later, St. John's Protectoiy for
wayward and destitute boys. Rev. Thomas Ilines
was appointed superintendent. These institutions
struggled on under a heavy debt until 1882, when the
Right Rev. Nelson H. Baker, V.G.,LL.D., was placed
in charge. Monsignor Baker at once placed the work
under the patronage of Our Blessed L:idy of Victory
and founded the Society of Our Lady of Victory to care
for destitute Catholic children. From this time the
work prospered. At present (1909) , under the general
title of Our Lady of Victory Home, the following
buildings are grouped: St. John's Protectory, with 700
boys; St. Jo.seph's Orphan Asylum, with 2.50 boys;
Working Boys' Home, with 7.5 boys; Our Lady of
Victory Infant Asylum, caring for about 150. The
brothers give special attention to the trade school
of the protectory; printing, pre.ss-feeding, book-
bin<ling. baking, shoe-making, tailoring, plumbing,
gas-fitting, and other trades are taught w ith excellent
results. The brothers at present n\mil)er twenty-
three. Young men are received from the age of six-
teen to thirty-five. After a probation of six months
the candidate receives the habit. Two years are
pa.ssed in the novitiate, after which the novice takes
the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. The
brothers maintain a juniorate in which boys are re-
ceived from twelve to fifteen years of age and trained
to the work carried on by the community. They are
governed liy the bishop, who appoints a priest to su-
perintend the instittition and act as superior. Next
m authority are the brother superior and his assistants,
who are elected every three years.
Brother Stanislaus.
