JAPAN
322
JAPAN
Cotton Industry. — This also has made notable prog-
ress. From 1S94 to 190() the number of spinning
mills rose from 45 to S3, with an increase in capital of
27,304,500 yen (the capital rose from 13,001,000 yen
to 40,000,000 yen). The average number of spindles
steel imports which have risen from 7,695,000 yen
(1895) to 32,269,000 yen (1906) is a proof of develop-
ment.
Handiwork. — In 1906 the daily salary of hand- workers was, for men, maximum, 96 sen; minimum,
rose from 476,123 to 1,441,934 yen. At the .same time
the output of spun cotton rose from 14,000,000 to 53,-
000,000 yen ; and that of woven cotton from 49,000,000
to 84,000,000 yen. In 1907 all the materials manu-
factured in Japan, silk, cotton, hemp, and woollens,
represented a value of 222,549,995 yen.
VaBIOUS iNDUSTKIAIi PRODUCTS FOR 1906
40 sen; average, 68 sen; for women, the average is 25
sen.
Matches (250 factories)
Japanese paper
European paper
Porcelain and croclcery
Lacquered objects
Straw plaiting
Various mattings
Camphor and oil of camphor
Kan ten (vegetable glue)
Prepared slcins (cows and horses) .
Indigo
Wax
Oil cake
Canned goods (meat and fifth)
Bricks
Tiles
Soaps
Drugs
Glass
Fertilizers
Value in Yen
15.516,359
15,103,359
14,157,788
13,385,982 6.809,605 4,730,150
10.882,984
2.609.220
7,370,949
11,613,683
3,127,003 4,317,925 6,556,261 2,764,081 3.018,142 3,040,177 24,686,628
24,189
61,262 (households)
5,552 workers
(men and women) 28,257 16,693 275,376 (212,778
women) 195,898 (121,532
women)
17,263
4,421
17,002
4,640 7,861
26,859 1,173 1,264 5,078
37,413
COMP.4RATIVE TABLE OF MEASURES, WEIGHTS, AND MoNEY
Japane.se
Metric
English
Lineal
measure
Iri
1 marine ri Icho I ken I jo
1 shaku (10 stin. 100 hu)
3.927272 kilom.
1.851818 •■
1.090909 hect.
1.818181 metre
3.030303 metres
3.303030 decim.
2.440338 miles
1.150684 "
5.422978 chains
1.983423 yards
3.314039 '■
11.930542 inches
Surface
measure
1 cho (10 Inn)
1 tsuho
15.423471 sq.
kilom. 99.1735.53 ares 3.305785sq.met.
5.955250 sq. m.
2.45072 acres
3.953829 sq. yds.
Measures of
capacity
1 kohii (111 To,
100 sho)
l..S03906hectol.
39.703313 gal.
4.962914bushels
Weights
I kwan or
kwamme
(1000 momme)
1 kin
3.750 kilog.
6.0104 hectogr.
8.2673291b.(Av.)
10.047102" (Tr.)
I.,i22472" (Av.)
1.607536" (Tr.)
Money
1 yen (100 sen)
2.5S3 fr.
2s. Oid. ($.498)
The manufacture of sake (ric(! wine) equalled 4,-
405,860 koku; beer, 201,144 koku; shoyu (fish sauce),
2,074,008 koku.
Metallurgy. — In this branch, despite all the efforts of the Government, the results liave not fulfilled expectations. However the increase in iron and
On the history of Japan and the situation of the country: —
Griffis, The Mikado's Empire (New York, 1890); Imperial
Japanese Commission, History of the Empireof Japan (Chicago,
1893): Japan 5'ear BooA; (Tokio, 1907): Bousqdet, Le Japon
de nos jours (Paris, 1877): De la Mazeliisre, Essni sur I'hia-
toire du Japan (Paris, 1899): Papinot, Did. d'Histoire el de
Geographic du Japan (Yokohama, 1906); Aston, Litlerature
Japonaise (Paris, 1902); Gonse. L'Art Japonais (Paris, 1885);
Teisan, Notes sur I'Art Japonais (Paris, 1906); Japanese Code
(Tokio, 1908) ; Th^ry, La situation ecorwmique et financiire du
Japan (Paris, 1907): Shimoda, Nihon Katei hyakkwa (Japanese
Encyclopedia) (Tokio, 1906); Hanabdsa, Nihon Teikoku nen-
kan (General Statistics of the Empire of Japan) (Tokio, 31 Dec,
1908)- Ministry of Finances, Financial arul economic year-
book of Japan (Tokio, 1908).
On Catholicism, Protestantism, and the Russian Schism. — The Christian Movement in Japan (Tokio, 1908); Delplace, Le CathoUcisme au Japan IS40-9S (Mechlin, 1908); Charle- voix, Histoirc du Japan (Paris, 1704); Pages, Ilistoire de la Rdigion chT/tienne au Japan IBOS-WBl (Paris, 1869); Marnas,
