ATL ANTES 329 ATLANTIC OCEAN 1920 over 600 factories manufacturing over 1,000 different articles, with a product of about_ $80,000,000 per year. These factories give employment to over 30,000 operators. There are also 500 branch offices of manufacturing plants located outside the city. The most important products are cotton goods, fertilizers, cart wheels, machinery, lum- ber, terra cotta, bricks, wagons, fur- niture, cottonseed oil, etc. It is an im- portant educational center, having 52 institutions of learning in addition to 64 public schools and commercial colleges. Among the leading institutions of higher education are the Georgia School of Technology, Emory University, Ogle- thorpe University, and Lanier Uni- versity. There are also several colleges for women, including the Agnes Scott College, Scott College and Conservatory, and Elizabeth Mather College, and five colleges for negroes. There are 18 public parks and playgrounds, a fine public library, a State library, the State capitol, city hall, custom house, Carnegie library, and other important public buildings. There is an auditorium with a seating capacity of 8,000 in which performances are given annually by the Metropolitan Grand Opera Co. There are 20 banks and trust companies. The bank clear- ings in 1919 amounted to $3,219,186,317. The assessed value of real estate in 1919 was $145,670,012, and of personal prop- erty $58,237,329. There were in 1920 405 miles of water mains and a sewerage disposal plant which was erected at a cost of nearly $4,000,000. The Federal Reserve Bank of the Sixth District is lo- cated in the city. Atlanta is an impor- tant city for the publication of news- papers and periodicals. The city was founded in 1837 as Marthasville. It was later known as Terminus, and was finally named Atlanta. It was almost entirely destroyed by Sherman after the Battle of Atlanta in 1864. The increase in population follow- ing the Civil War was rapid. Pop. (1890) 65,533; (1900) 89,872; (1910) 154,839; (1920) 200,616. ATLANTES, in architecture, colossal statues of men used instead of pillars to support an entablature. Roman archi- tects called them telamo7ies (Greek). When statues of women support an en- tablature, they are generally called caryatides. ATLANTIC CITY, a city and noted seaside resort in Atlantic co., N. J.; on a long, sandy island, known as Absecon Beach; 60 miles S. E. of Philadelphia, with which it is connected by steam and electric railroads. The island stretches along the coast for 10 miles; has an average width of % of a mile, and is from 4 to 5 miles from the mainland. At the N. end is the Absecon Light, well known to coastwise sailors. The city has several miles of bathing beach, a mag- nificent promenade on the ocean front, a very large number of hotels and board- ing houses, electric lights, public schools, churches of the principal denominations, several National banks, and daily, week- ly, and monthly periodicals. It is prob- ably the first all-the-year-round resort in the United States, its splendid climate giving it a large popular patronage even in the dead of winter. The transient population varies, but is estimated at from 400,000 to 500,000. Pop. (1910) 46,150; (1920) 50,707. ATLANTIC OCEAN, the vast expanse of sea lying between the W. coasts of Europe and Africa and the E. coasts of North and South America, and extending from the Arctic to the Antarctic Oceans; greatest breadth, between the W. coast of northern Africa and the E. coast of Florida, 4,150 miles; least breadth, be- tween Norway and Greenland, 930 miles; superficial extent, 25,000,000 square miles. The principal inlets and bays are Baffin and Hudson Bays, the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, the North Sea, or German Ocean, the Bay of Bis- cay, and the Gulf of Guinea. The prin- cipal islands N. of the equator are Ice- land, the Faroe and British Islands, the Azores, Canaries, and Cape de Verde Islandls, Newfoundland, Cape Breton, and the West India Islands; and S. of the equator, Ascension, St. Helena, and Tristan da Cunha. Principal Currents. — The great cur- rents of the Atlantic are the Equatorial current (divisible into the main, northern, and southern equatorial currents), the Gulf Stream, the north African and Guinea current, the southern connecting current, the southern Atlantic current, the Cape Horn current, Rennels cur- rent, and the Arctic current. The current system is primarily set in motion by the trade winds which drive the water of the intertropical region from Africa toward the American coasts. Besides the surface currents, an under current of cold water flows from the poles to the equator, and an upper current of warm water from the equator toward the poles. Depths. — The greatest depth yet dis- covered is N. of Porto Rico, in the West Indies, namely 27,360 feet. Cross-sec- tions of the North Atlantic between Eu- rope and America show that its bed con- sists of two great valleys lying in a north and south direction, and separated by a ridge, on which there is an average
