CASTLEBEAGH 376 CASTLEBEAGH Marquis of Londonderry, an English tary from 1797, he bent his whole ener- Btatesman, born June 18, 1769; was edu- gies to forwarding Pitt's measure of cated at Armagh, and at St. John's Col- union. Transferred by the union from lege, Cambridge. He turned Tory in Dublin to Westminster, he accepted of- 1795, and next year became Keeper of fice in the Addington ministry (1802) i£tJ^^ "^m^. MEDIAEVAL CASTLE the Privy Seal ; but he continued a stead- fast supporter of Catholic emancipation. Still, he believed that emancipation with an independent Irish Parliament would mean simply a transference of tyranny from the Protestant oligarchy to a Cath- olic democracy; hence, as Chief Secre- as President of the Board of Control; but the true second era in his career was as War Minister under Pitt from July, 1805, to January, 1806, and again under Portland from April, 1807, to September, 1809. His real greatness begins with March, 1812, when, as Foreign Secretary
