CERVEKA 407 CESNOLA dra), a Spanish romancist, bom in Al- cala de Henares in 1547. He wrote many romances and stories, but he lives in fame through "Don Quixote." He served some years in the army; was captured by corsairs and held five years in servi- tude. His fellow captives testified to his self-denying services to them while in the hands of the Algerines. His first at- tempt in literature was the composition of a pastoral romance, "Galatea," in the traditional style and spirit. Of 20 or 30 CERVANTES plays written by him, only two survive, and they have no celebrity. The first part of "Don Quixote" was published in 1605, and it had a hearty reception from the beginning among the populace, though not among the cultured classes. Before the year was out, five editions, some authorized, others pirated, were published, and the Don and his gro- tesque retainer appeared like imme- morial traditional characters in every pageant. The continuation of the immor- tal story, however, did not appear till 1615 — and then because spurious contin- uations published under his name fairly forced Cervantes' hand. Meanwhile he busied himself with writing poems and novels now forgotten. On all these dead works he bestowed great care before he gave them to the public ; he wrote "Don Quixote" with "running pen." He died in Madrid, April 23, 1616. CERVERA Y TOPETE, PASCUAL <ther-va'ra e to-pa'ta), a Spanish naval officer; born in the province of Jerez, in 1833, of noble birth, his mother being a daughter of Count Topete y Valle, of Spain's royal family. He was a nephew of Admiral Topete, one of the most illus- trious of Spain's naval officers and a man of great influence in the early part of the 19th century. Cervera was gradu- ated at the Naval Academy of San Fer- nando; entered on active service in 1851; and was made first lieutenant in 1859; captain in 1868; and admiral subse- quently. He was a prominent factor in the 10-years' war in Cuba, when he suc- ceeded in blockading the ports and pre- venting the landing of filibusters; was sent to London, as a representative of Spain, to take part with other nations in a conference bearing on naval ques- tions of international importance; and commanded the fleet sent against the American squadron operating in Cuban waters after the declaration of war in 1898. He took refuge in the inner har- bor of Santiago de Cuba, and when, on July 3, he attempted to escape, under imperative orders from his superiors, his entire fleet was destroyed by the squad- ron under Rear-Admiral Sampson. Ad- miral Cervera and his surviving officers were sent to Annapolis, Md., as prisoners of war, and soon afterward were re- leased and allowed to return to Spain. Cervera was a man of cultured and geni- al manners, of a kindly disposition and a gallant officer, for whom his captors felt the greatest admiration and sympa- thy. He died April 3, 1909. CERVXJS, the genus of animals to which the stag belongs, forming the type of the deer family, Cervidie. CESENA (cha-sa'na), a hill-town in the province of Forli, central Italy, on the Emilian Way. Among its buildings are: A library founded (1452) by Do- menico Malatesta Novello, which pos- sesses 4,000 precious manuscripts; a Capuchin church containing one of the best of Guercino's paintings, and a noble cathedral. Productive sulphur mines are in the neighborhood; and the region has been noted ever since Roman times for the excellence of its wine. Cesena was the birthplace of Popes Pius VI. and VII. In 1357, under Maria Ordelaffi, it made a famous defense against Albornoz; but in 1377 it was barbarously pillaged bv Robert of Genf. On March 30, 1815, Murat gained a victory at this place over the Austrians. Pop. about 40,000. CESNOLA, LUIGA PALMA DI (ches- no'la), an American archseologist, born in Piedmont, Italy, June 29, 1832. He served in the Italian war with Aus- tria and came to the United States in
