CHEYENNES 454 CHIBOUQUE Cheyenne is situated on a plateau 6,075 feet above the sea. Fort Russell, a United States military post, is within a few miles of the city. It has the main repair shops of the Union Pacific rail- road, a fine State House, water works, electric lights, a public library, high school, and 3 National banks, and is the great beef growing center, the shipping point for beef -cattle to Eastern markets, and the supply depot for the trade of the Rocky Mountain region. The annual "round up" attracts many visitors. Fop. (1910) 11,320; (1920) 13,829. CHEYENNES, a tribe of American Plains Indians, originally of Algonquin stock, at one time settled in Wyoming. From 1861 to 1867 the United States government had "wars" with them. There are about 3,000 who are settled on reservations in Oklahoma and Montana. CHHATISGARH, the S. E. division of the Central Provinces of India, with an area, including feudatory states, of 21,240 square miles; pop. about 3,500,000. It is mainly a vast fertile plateau, and has of late become a great center of the Indian grain trade. Dongargaon is the capital. CHIANA (ke-a'na; ancient. Claim), a river of central Italy, originally a tributary of the Tiber, watering the per- fectly level Val di Chiana, which its over- flow rendered once the most pestilential district of Italy. The bed was deepened in 1789-1816, and in 1823 extensive hy- draulic works were undertaken for fur- ther improving the river course, and for leading a N. branch, through canals, to the river Arno, a few miles below Arezzo, the S. stream reaching the Tiber through the Paglia at Orvieto. The double stream is 60 miles long, and iy2 to 1 mile broad; and the district has since become one of the most fruitful in all Italy. CHIANG-HSI, or Kiang-Si, an inland provmce of China. It is bounded N. by Hu-Pei (Hu-Peh) and Ngan-Hui (An- Hui) ; E. by Cheh-Chiang (Cheh-Kiang) and Fu-Chien (Fo-Kien or Fuh-Kien) ; S. by Kwang-Tung; and W. by Kwang- Si and Hu-Nan (Ho-Nan). The area is 69,480 square miles. Pop. about 17,- 000,000. Capital, Nan-Chang. The prov- mce contains the treaty port of Kiu- Kiang (pop. about 55,000), on the Yang- tze-Kiang. The Nan Ling or Southern Mountains traverse the E. half of Chi- ang-Hsi, and in the N. is the large inland lake of Po-Yang-Hu. Here are estab- lished famous manufactories of porce- lain. The principal river, aside from the Yang-tze-Kiang, is the Kin-Kiang. The province produces tea and silk, besides porcelain, and has important mineral de- posits. CHIANG-SU or KIANG-SU, an im- portant maritime province of China proper, bounded N. by the province of Shan-Tung; E. by the Yellow Sea; S. by the province of Cheh-Chiang, and W. by the provinces of Ngan-Hwei (An- Hui) and Ho-Nan. Chiang-Su has an area of 38,600 square miles and a pop- ulation estimated at 16,000,000. The great commercial importance of this province is denoted by its possession of four treaty ports: Shanghai, Nanking, Su-Chow, and Chin-Kiang. Chiang-Su was in fact the first province opened to foreign commerce by means of a treaty port. It is traversed almost its whole length by the Grand Canal, the ancient Chinese system of waterways. The Yang-tze-Kiang empties into the sea through this province and enables it to control the trade of all southern China. There are large cotton mills. Vessels from all parts of the world touch at Shanghai {q.v.). The capital of the province is Nanking, which was formerly the capital of the Chinese Empire. The Tai-Ping rebellion of 1853-1854 had its headquarters in this province. Chiang- Su is the center of Chinese manufactur- ing industries, especially in textiles. Commercially, the province is controlled by the English, who have invested largely in railways, mills, and govern- ment concessions. CHIAPAS, a State of the Republic of Mexico, on the Pacific slope, having an area of 27,527 square miles and a pop. of about 500,000. The capital, Tuxtla Gutierrez (pop. about 10,000) is also the principal town. The State is in many parts mountainous, and is also in many parts traversed by noble streams, including the Rio Chiapas. At Palenque are the ruins of an ancient Aztec city of great beauty and magnitude. The valleys have a rich soil and produce maize, sugar, cotton, etc. Trade is, how- ever, in a backward state for lack of roads. The State forms part of the Central American tableland, and has a fine climate, although the whole region is largely clothed in primeval forests. CHIARI (ke-ar'e), a town of Lom- bardy, 13 miles W. of Brescia by rail, with manufactures of silk. At one time strongly fortified, it is memorable for the victory here of the Austrians, under Prince Eugene, over the French and Spaniards, under Villeroi, Sept. 2, 1701. Pop. about 15,000. CHIBOUQUE (she-bok'), a Turkish pipe with a long stem.
