BLOOD STONE 71 BLOW-FLY States, belonging to the poppy order, and so named from its root stock yield- ing a sap of a deep orange color. Its leaves are heart-shaped and deeply lobed, the flower grows on a scape and is white or tinged with rose. The plant has acrid narcotic properties, and has been found useful in various diseases. Geum canadense, another American plant used as a mild tonic, is also known as blood root. BLOOD STONE, a variety of jaspery quartz, flecked with red spots like drops of blood. BLOOD VESSELS, the tubes or ves- sels in which the blood circulates. BLOOD WOOD, a name of several trees. Indian bloodwood {lagerstroemia regime), is a large tree of the henna family, with wood of a blood-red color, used for many purposes. It is called also jarool. BLOOD WORT, same as blood root (sanguinaria) . BLOODY ASSIZES, those held in Eng- land, by Judge Jeffreys, in 1685, after the suppression of Monmouth's rebellion. Upward of 300 persons were executed after short trials; very many were whipped, imprisoned and fined; and nearly 1,000 were sent as slaves to the American plantations. BLOODY MARY, an epithet popularly applied to Mai-y, Queen of England, on account of the persecutions of the Prot- estants during her reign. BLOOM, a lump of puddled iron, which leaves the furnace in a rough state, to be subsequently I'olled into the bars or other material into which it may be de- sired to convert the metal. Also a lump of iron made directly from the ore by a furnace called a bloomery. BLOOMFIELD, a township in Essex CO., N. J., on the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western and the Erie railroads, the Morris canal, and trolley lines connect- ing with Newark, the Oranges, Jersey City, and other cities; 10 miles N. W. of New York. It was founded in 1685 under the name of Watsessing and received its present name from Gen. Joseph Bloom- field in 1796. It is the seat of a German Presbyterian Theological Seminary and Mountainside Hospital; contains the resi- dences of many New York business men; and is engaged in the manufacture of church and cabinet organs, woolen goods, hats, shoes, rubber goods, tissue and pho- tographic paper, saddlery, hardware, electric elevators, and a variety of brass goods. It has 4 banks and newspapers. Pop. (1910) 15,070; (1920) 22,019. BLOOMINGTON, city and county-seat of McLean co.. 111.; on several important railroads; 60 miles N. N. E. of Spring- field. It is the seat of the Illinois Wesleyan University (Methodist Epis- copal), a Roman Catholic College, two hospitals, four sanitariums, and the general offices of the Chicago and Alton railroad. The Illinois State Normal Uni- versity and the State Soldiers' Orphans' Home are located at Normal, two miles from the city. Bloomington has electric light and street railway plants, water- works supplied from an artesian well, public library. National banks, railroad shops, and manufactories of machinery, stoves, farming implements, patent medi- cines, brick and tile, etc. Pop. (1910) 25,763; (1920) 28,725. BLOOMINGTON, city and county-seat of Monroe co., Ind.; on the Chicago, In- dianapolis and Louisville, and the Indi- anapolis Southern railroads; 60 miles S. S. W. of Indianapolis. It is in a lime- stone and quarrying region; is the seat of the Indiana State University ; and be- sides its farming and quarrying inter- ests has important manufacturing con- cerns, especially in the lines of leather and hardware. The city has the Moni'oe County Library, a National bank, and several daily and weekly periodicals. Pop. (1910) 8,838; (1920) 11,595. BLOOMSBURG, a town and county- seat of Columbia co., Pa.; on the Sus- quehanna river, the Pennsylvania canal, and several railroads; 40 miles W. of Wilkesbarre. It is in an iron and lime- stone region; contains a number of ii"on furnace foundries, silk mills, brass and copper tube works, furniture and desk factories, carpet factories, etc.; is the seat of the State Normal School and a literary institute. Pop. (1910) 7,413; (1920) 7,819. BLOUET, PAUL (bl6-a'), (MAX 0'- Rell), a French lecturer and author, born in Brittany, France, March 2, 1848. During his early life he was an officer of cavalry in the French army, but in 1873 went to England and became a teacher. After the publication of his first book, "John Bull and His Island" (1883), he devoted himself to literature. He made several lecturing tours of the United States. His works include "John Bull and His Daughters" (1884) ; "Jona- than and His Continent" (1888, with Jack Allyn) ; "A Frenchman in Amer- ica" (1891), etc. He died May 25, 1902. BLOW-FLY. the name popularly given to such two-winged flies as deposit eggs
