CLOVIS II. 27 CLYMEB titles of patrician and consul, Clovis I., about that time, settled at Paris, and made it the capital city. He disgraced himself by the unjust and cruel meas- ures he took to get rid of several of his kindred, possible competitors for the crown. He died in Paris, in 511, after dividing his kingdom between his four sons. CLOVIS II., second son of Dagobert, King of Neustria and Burgundy, whom he succeeded in 638. He died in 655. CLOVIS III., son of Thierry III., King of France, whom he succeeded in 691, at the age of nine, and reigned five years, under the guardianship of Pepin d'Heristal, mayor of the palace. He died in 695. CLOWES, WILLIAM LAIRD, an English naval critic and miscellaneous writer; born in London, Feb. 1, 1856. He was educated at King's College, London; and from 1876 to 1895 was correspondent for various newspapers. He wrote much on naval development and on art and sociology. He died Aug. 14, 1905. CLUB, an association or number of persons combined for the promotion of some common object, whether political, social, or otherwise. The earliest London Club of any celebrity was established about the beginning of the 17th century, at the Mermaid Tavern, Friday street. Among its members were Shakespeare, Sir Walter Raleigh, Beaumont, Fletcher, and Selden. Ben Jonson figured at an- other club, which met at the Devil Tavern, near Temple Bar. Of other Clubs, the literary one, established in the year 1764, had among its members John- son, Boswell, Burke, and Goldsmith. To- ward the close of the 18th century, the French political Clubs gained world- wide notoriety from the active part which they took in the first French revolution. The most celebrated was the Jacobin Club, founded at Versailles in 1789, and called originally the Breton Club. This and other political French Clubs were abolished on Sent. 4, 1797. They were revived in 1848, but were suppressed again in 1849 and 1850. Well-appointed Clubs for men, in the English style have been established in all the leading cities of the United States, and within recent years Clubs exclu- sively for women have become numerous and popular. CLUGNY, or CLTJNI (klon'ye) (an- cient Clnniacinn) , a town of France in the department of Saone-et-Loire, on the Grone. 46 miles N. of Lyons. There are seen the ruins of a celebrated abbey. The monks of the Order of Clugny were the first branch of the order of Benedictines, and took their name from the above town, where they were first established. The Benedictines having become very lax in their discipline, St. Odo, abbot of Clugny, in 927, not only insisted on a rigorous observance of the rules by the monks under him, but likewise intro- duced new ceremonies of a severer na- ture. These new rules soon came to be observed in the principal monasteries in France, Spain, Italy, Germany, and Britain; and by the 12th century the order numbered about 1,000 cloisters in different parts of Europe. The order was abolished in France in 1790. Pop. about 4,000. CLYDE (klld), a river of Scotland, which has its sources amid the hills that separate Lanarkshire from the counties of Peebles and Dumfries, passes by Lan- ark, Hamilton, Glasgow, Renfrew,' Dum- barton, Greenock, etc., and forms finally an extensive estuary or firth before it enters the Irish Sea, at the southern ex- tremity of the island of Bute. From its source to Glasgow, where navigation be- gins, its length is about 80 miles. Its principal tributaries are the Douglas Water, the Mouse, the Nethan, the Avon, the Calder, the North Calder, the Kelvin, the White and Black Cart, and the Leven. Near Lanark it has three cele- brated falls — the uppermost, Bonniton Linn, about 30 feet high; the next, Cora Linn, where the water takes three dis- tinct leaps, each about as high; and the lowest, Stonebvres, also three distinct falls, altogether about 80 feet. The Clyde, by artificial deepening, has been made navigable for large vessels up to Glasgow, and is the most valuable river in Scotland for commerce. CLYDE, LORD. See Campbell, Sir Colin. CLYMENE, the daughter of Oceanus, and mother of Atlas and Prometheus. CLYMEB, GEORGE, an American patriot; born in Philadelphia, in 1739. He entered mercantile life when a lad and acquired a competence. He was urominent in public affairs prior to the Revolution, and in 1775 became one of the first Continental treasurers. He was chosen in 1776 to succeed a member of the Continental Congress who had re- fused to sign the Declaration of Inde- pendence, to which he promptly affixed his signature, although not on the 4th of July. He was active in the patriot cause during the Revolution, and in 1787 was a member of the convention that framed the Constitution of the United States and a member of the First Congress of
