DUMAS 436 DUMFBIESSHIBE keteers" (1844) ; "Twenty Years After" (1845); "The Knight of Maison-Rouge" (1846); "Viscount de Bragelonne" (1847); "Queen Margot" (1847). Many of his stories were of great length, 6 to 12 volumes. Besides pure fiction he wrote a number of historical romances, as "Joan of Arc" (1842); "Michelangelo and Raffaelle" 1846) ; "Louis XIV. and His Age" (1847). His plays, which had extraordinary success, include: "Henri III. and His Court" (1829); "Antony" (1831); "Charles VII. with His Gra d Vassals" (1831), "Mile, de Belle- Isle" (1839) ; "Marriage Under Louis XV." (1841); "The Misses St. Cyr" (1843). Nearly all his novels were put on the stage also. He wrote entertaining narratives of his travels in Switzerland, Italy, Germany, Spain, north Africa, Egypt,_ Syria, etc. The works which bear his name amount to some 1,200 vol- umes, including about 60 dramas. He died near Dieppe, Dec. 5, 1870. DUMAS, ALEXANDRE, the Younger, a French dramatist and romancist, son of the preceding; born in Paris, July 27 or 28, 1824. He published his first ro- mance: "Story of Four Women and a Parrot" (6 vols. 1847), which found little favor. Among his romances are: "A Woman's Romance"; "Cesarine"; "Ca- milla" (La Dame aux Camelias) ; all in 1848. His dramas include: Diana de Lys" (1853), and "The Demi-Monde" (1855). He also wrote the romance, "The Clemenceau Case" (1864), drama- tized under the same name; and the dramatic pieces: "The Natural Son" (1858); "The Friend of Women" (1864); "Claude's Wife" (1873); "The Danicheffs" (1876) ; "Francillon" (1887) ; and others. He died in Paris, Nov. 28, 1895. DU MAUBIER, GEORGE LOUIS PALMELLA BUSSOi: (dii-mo-rya'), a famous delineator of English society in "Punch," and in later years a novelist; born in Paris, March 6, 1834. In his childhood his parents settled in London. He began in 1850 to study art in London, Paris, and Antwerp; returning to Lon- don he was employed on the illustrated periodicals, and from 1864 to his death was of the regular staff of "Punch." He wrote and illustrated three stories: "Peter Ibbetson" (1891); "Trilby" (1894) ; "The Martian" (1897). He died in London, Oct. 8, 1896. DUMBA, KONSTANTIN THEODOR, Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to the United States in 1914, at the out- break of the World War. The United States was at this time holding a neutral attitude toward the war in Europe. On Aug. 30, 1915, an American correspondent was arrested in Falmouth, England, as he was landing from a trans- Atlantic liner and among his papers, which were seized, was found a message from Dr. Dumba to Baron Burian, the Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister. In this letter the Austrian Ambassador sug- gested the blowing up of a number of American munition factories, which were supplying Great Britain and her allies with war supplies. For this pur- pose, and general propaganda, funds were requested. The United States Gov- ernment thereupon forced the official recall of Dr. Dumba. DUMBARTONSHIRE, a county of Scotland, with an area of 267 square miles. The northern and southern parts are mountainous, with an elevation of from 2,000 to 3,000 feet. Within the county are included many beautiful lakes, including Loch Lomond. The chief industries are dyeing, the printing of calicoes, engine and ship-building, brew- ing and distilling, and the mining of coal and iron. Pop. about 140,000. The capital is Dumbarton. DUM-D JM BULLETS, a bullet so named after the place near Calcutta where it was first made. It is one which instead of having its greatest strength at the point is weakest there, so that in striking a bone it will flatten out and shatter it, and not, like the modern steel- coated, sharp-pointed bullet, make a small hole and pass through without any other effect. The loading of rifles with two bullets, with jagged bullets, or with bullets mixed with glass or lime has long been forbidden in civilized warfare. At Santiago the Spaniards were charged with cutting off the brass tips of their bullets so that they had the same effect in inflicting jagged wounds as the regu- lar dum-dum bullets. Dum-dum bullets are now used to some extent by big game hunters. The Hague Peace Congress agreed that dum-dum bullets should not be used in war. The same charge was brought against the British by the Germans in the World War, but was never proven officially. DUMFRIES (dum-fres') , a river port, railway center and parliamentary bor- ough, capital of the county of same name, and the chief place in the S. of Scotland; on the left bank of the Nith, about 6 miles from its junction with the Solway Firth. It is connected with the suburb Maxwelltown (in Kirkcudbright) by three bridges, one dating from the 13th century. Pop. about 19,000. DUMFRIESSHIRE, a county of Scot- land in the southern division. It has an.
