COEFFICIENT 45 degree of maturity. The longer the period of youth, the richer and the more efficient is the contribution which one, coming to maturity, is able to make to worthiest human life and endeavor. This article has primary reference to colleges of liberal learning. In the pro- fessional schools of medicine and of law, women are received more commonly than obtains in the undergraduate college. The progress made in admitting women to professional schools has been espe- cially great in the last decade. COEFFICIENT, a number or known quantity, prefixed as a multiplier before a known or unknown quantity of letters, into which such quantity or letters are s.upposed to be multiplied. Thus in the expressions, 4a, 3a 6, ex, 4 is the coeffi- cient of a, 3 of ab, and c of x. CCELENTERATA, the name given to a sub-kingdom of the animal kingdom, the species of which are distinguished from those of humbler organization by possessing a hollow digestive cavity with which the hollow interior of the body freely communicates. The prehensile organs are hollow tentacles disposed in a circle round the mouth. AH, or nearly all, are moreover provided with organs of offense and defense, called thread- cells or nematocysts. Professor Huxley places the Ckelenterata between the mol- luscoida and the protozoa. The sub-king- dom is divided into two classes, actino- zoa and hydrozoa. Examples, the corals, the sea anemones, the fresh-water hydra, etc. CCELE-SYPvIA (that is, "Hollow- Syria"), the large valley lying between the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon moun- tain ranges in Syria. Near its center are the ruins of Baalbec. CCE3LIAC ARTERY, an artery issuing from the aorta just below the diaphragm. It is called also the Cceliac axis. CCELIAC PASSION", a diarrhoea, or flux, that arises from the indigestion or putrefaction of food in the stomach and bowels, whereby the aliment comes away little altered. CCEUR D'ALENE, a city of Idaho, the county-seat of Kootenai co. It is on the Northern Pacific, the Chicago, Mil- waukee and St. Paul, and other railroads. The city has manufactures of lumber, machinery, bricks, and an important trade in fruit and farm products. It is the seat of Cceur d'Alene College and a Catholic academy, and has parks and several handsome public buildings. Pop. (1910) 7,291; (1920) 6,447. CCEUR DE LION (ker de le-6n'), a title given to several historical person- COFFEE ages, as Richard I. of England; so- called from the prodigies of personal valor performed by him in the Holy Land; Louis VIII. of France, frequently called Le Lion; and Boleslaus I. of Po- land, also called "The Intrepid." COFFEE, the seed of an evergreen shrub which is cultivated in hot climates, and is a native of Abyssinia and of Arabia. This shrub (Coffea arabica) Is from 15 to 20 feet in height, and belongs to the Rubiaceae. The leaves are green, glossy on the upper surface, and the flowers are white and sweet-scented. The fruit is of an oval shape, about the size of a cherry, and of a dark-red color when ripe. Each of these contains two cells,
- »j,_^ FLO WE I?
COFFEE PLANT and each cell a single seed, which is the coffee as we see it before it under- goes the process of roasting. Great at- tention is paid to the culture of coffee in Arabia. The trees are raised from seed sown in nurseries and afterward planted out in moist and shady situations, on sloping ground or at the foot of moun- tains. When the fruit has attained its maturity cloths are placed under the trees, and upon these the laborers shake it down. They afterward spread the berries on mats, and expose them to the sun to dry. The husk is then broken off by large and heavy rollers of wood or iron. When the coffee has been^ thus cleared of its husk it is again dried in the sun. A tree in great vigor will produce 3 or 4 pounds. The best coffee is imported from 4 — Vol. Ill — Cyc
