FILLET 131 FILTEB BED or the exigencies of war. The term fili- buster, now used in any country where the English language is spoken, was first applied in New Orleans to certain ad- venturers who, after the termination of the war between this country and Mexi- co, exerted themselves with setting on foot within the United States military expeditions designed to operate in the Spanish-American countries to the S. of us. The pretended object of these expe- ditions was the emancipation of those countries from tyranny, foreign or domestic, and the introduction of demo- cratic institutions after the model of the United States. The most noted expedi- tion of this sort was that led by Walker against Nicaragua in 1855, See Walker, William. FILLET, in ordinary language, a band of metal, linen, or ribbon worn round the head. Also the fleshy part of the thigh; applied most commonly to veal. Also portions of meat or fish removed from the bone and served either flat or rolled together and tied round; the term is spe- cially applied to the under-cut of the sir- loin of beef, served whole or cut into steaks, and to slices of flat-fish removed from the bone. In anatomy, a collection of fibers passing upward from the an- terior columns of the spinal cord. Also a similar bundle of fibers in the corpus callosum. In architecture, a small flat face or band used principally between moldings to separate them from each other in classical architecture; in the Gothic, Early English, or decorated styles of architecture, it is also used on larger moldings and shafts. FILLMORE, MILLARD, an Ameri- can statesman, 13th President of the United States; born in Summer Hill, Cayuga co., N. Y., Feb. 7, 1800. Appren- ticed to a wool-carder, he made amends by his zeal in the pursuit of knowledge. His talents and aptitude procured him the notice of Judge Wood, an eminent lawyer who invited the young man to a desk in his ofiice, and offered to defray his expenses while he prepared for the bar. Fillmore accepted the off'er, but continued teaching in a school to help pay his way. He moved to Erie county in 1821 and "Was admitted as attorney two years later. In 1829 he was a member of the Legislature, and in 18.32 was elected to Congress as a Whig. In 1847 he was elected comptroller of New York State and a year later Vice-President of the United States. President Taylor entered on his oflice in March, 1849, and died suddenly in July, 1850. Fillmore be- came, in virtue of his office. President of the United States. It was the era of the Lopez expedition against Cuba; and of a more than usual bitterness in the rela- tions between North and South on the slavery question. Fillmore made Daniel Webster his Secretary of State. Presi- dent Fillmore's messages favored the fugitive slave law, and recommended a protective, but not a prohibitory tariff. Under his presidency California was ad- mitted as a new State into the Union. In his final message he had to deplore the MILLARD FILLMORE death of Webster; and in March, 1853, he yielded up his office to his successor, General Pierce. He was the candidate of the American party for the presidency in 1856, but he received a very small minority of votes. After his retirement from public life he resided in Buffalo, N. Y., where he died, March 8, 1874. FILM, a transparent, flexible sub- stance used as a substitute for glass plates for portable photographic work. It consists of a strip of celluloid which is ti-eated with a sensitized coating, the same as is used on plates. See Photog- raphy. FILTER BED, a settling pond whose bottom is a filter. It may consist of a reservoir five feet deep, with a paved bottom covered with open- jointed tubu- lar drains leading into a central conduit. The drains are covered with a layer of gravel, and a top layer of sand. The water is delivered upon the surface uni- formly, and the rate of subsidence is about six inches an hour. The mora
