EVANS 66 EVAPOKATION admiral in 1901. During the Civil War he took part in the attack on Fort Fisher, Jan. 15, 1865, and in the land engage- ment was wounded four times. In 1891 he was in command of the "Yorktown" at Valparaiso, Chile, during the strained relations between the United States and that country. He commanded the "Iowa" in the action of July 3, 1898, off Santi- ago de Cuba, which resulted in the de- struction of the Spanish fleet. He was promoted rear-admiral in 1901 and com- manded the Asiatic fleet, 1902; flagship "Kentucky." He was in command of Atlantic fleet, 1905-1907; touring the world in the latter year. He retired Aug. 18, 1908. Publications : "A Sailor's Log" (1901); "An Admiral's Log" (1910). He died in 1912. EVANS, SIB SAMUEL THOMAS, a Welsh lawyer. He was born in 1859 at Skewen, Neath, and was educated in the board schools. He studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and entering politics, was elected to represent Glamorganshire (Mid. Div.) in 1890, continuing to sit in the House of Commons from that con- stituency till 1910. He became a King's Counsel in 1901, Recorder of Swansea 1906, Solicitor-General 1908, and a Privy Counsellor in 1910, becoming in this last year also President of the Probate, Di- vorce, and Admiralty Courts. He was a Justice of the Peace of Glamorganshire, Pembrokeshire and Beaconshire; Hon. Freeman of the County Borough of Swansea, and of the Borough of Neath. He died in 1918. EVANS, THOMAS WILLIAMS, an American dentist; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Dec. 23, 1823 ; studied dentistry and practiced in Maryland and later in Lan- caster, Pa.; made a specialty of saving teeth by filling. In seeking a substitute for gold foil he mixed rubber and sul- phur, which make a black substance in- stead of a white one. Because of the un- favorable color he laid the substance aside and gave it no more thought, till his mixture was used by others for pro- ducing commercial gutta-percha, which he declared he had discovered. In 1848 he went by invitation to Paris as the most skillful American dentist, to attend to the teeth of President Louis Napo- leon. During his career in Paris he ac- cumulated a very large fortune. He also won an international reputation as an » expert in military sanitation and was one of the founders of the Red Cross Society. His home was the refuge of the Empress Eugenie from the mob on the night of Sept. 4, 1870. Dressed in his wife's clothes, she was taken by him to the Normandy coast, where he secured her escape to England. He died in Paris, Nov. 14, 1896. Dr. Evans be- queathed all of his fortune, estimated at from $8,000,000 to $12,000,000, excepting $250,000, to establish a museum and in- stitute in Philadelphia. EVANSTON, a city in Cook co., 111.; on Lake Michigan and on the Chicago and Northwestern and the Chicago, Mil- waukee and St. Paul railroads; 12 miles N. of Chicago. It includes the villages of Rogers Park and South Evanston; is delightfully laid out; and has gas and electric light plants; electric and ele- vated railroads to Chicago; Holly sys- tem of waterworks, weekly newspapers, National bank. It is the seat of North- western University (M. E.) founded in 1851, largely endowed and of high re- pute, with a library and a museum. It is the seat also of the Garrett Biblical Institute, Winchell Academy, and of the Evanston College for Women, founded in 1871. The Dearbon Observatory was transferred here from Chicago in 1888, and dedicated the following year as a de- partment of Northwestern University. Pop. (1910) 24,978; (1920) 37,215. EVANSVILLE, a city port of entry, and the county-seat of Vanderburg co., Ind., on the Ohio river, and the Evans- ville and Terre Haute, the Louisville, Evansville and St. Louis, the Louisville and Nashville, and several other rail- roads: 185 miles W. of Louisville. It is on a high bank at a bend in the river midway between the falls and the junc- tion with the Mississippi; is the trade center of a rich agricultural and coal region ; and has the finest wharf and city front on the Ohio or Mississippi river. It has excellent shipping facilities, with 10 packet lines, iron and brass foundries, harness and saddlery, steam engine and boiler, furniture, boot and shoe, pottery, metal goods, tobacco, and chemical plants. The city contains the Evansville Insane, St. Mary's, and United States Marine Hospitals, County Infirmary, Evans Hall, United States Government Building, public day school for the deaf, a business college, public library, high school, daily and weekly newspapers, 3 National and several private banks, and an assessed property valuation of over $25,000,000. Pop. (1910) 69,647; (1920) 85,264. EVAPOEATION, the conversion of a liquid or solid by heat into vapor or steam, which becomes dissipated in the atmosphere in the manner of an elastic fluid. The process of evaporation is con- stantly going on at the surface of the earth, but principally at the surface of the sea, of lakes, rivers, and pools. The vapor thus formed, being specifically
