HIGH EXPLOSIVES 12 HIGH SCHOOLS ing the 19th century High-churchism de- and the Carolina and Yadkin River rail veloped first into Tractarianism and then roads. It has important industries, in into'Ritualism. Believing the Church to have received the right of autonomy from its Divine Head, the High-church party disapprove the Royal Supremacy, and dispute the right of the civil courts to try ecclesiastical cases. HIGH EXPLOSIVES. See EXPLO- SIVES. HIGH GERMAN, originally the Teu- tonic dialect spoken in the S. and elevated parts of Germany, as distinguished from Piatt Deutsch or Low German, spoken in the N. and more lowland portions of Germany. HIGHLAND PARK, a city of Michi- gan in Wayne co. Itb chief industry is the manufacture of automobiles and motors. The development of this indus- try has greatly increased its industrial importance in recent years. Pop. (1910) 4,120; (1920) 46,499. HIGHLANDS OF SCOTLAND, THE^ a somewhat vague and indefinite geo- graphical division of Scotland, N. and W. of a line running N. E. from Dum- barton on the Clyde through the coun- ties of Dumbarton, Stirling, Perth, For- far, Kincardine; then N. W. through Aberdeen, Banff, Moray, and Nairn to the shores of the Moray Firth. The Highlands are generally subdivided into two parts, the West Highlands and the North Highlands; the former of which contains the shires of Argyll and Bute, the Southern Hebrides, and part of Perth and Dumbarton; the latter com- prehends the counties of Inverness, Ross, Sutherland, the districts of Athol, Ran- noch, and the Isles of Skye, Lewis, and others belonging to Inverness and Ross. The mountainous parts of Banff, Moray, Aberdeen, and Kincardine are also recog- nized as forming part of the Highlands; while Caithness (partly) and the Orkney and Shetland Isles are excluded, because their inhabitants are of Scandinavian origin. The whole of the district, which embraces the Celtic-speaking part of Scotland, is wild, rup:ged, and mountain- ous. The W. coast is indented by many narrow arms of the sea, and is flanked by numerous islands. Forming, by their natural characteristics, a region distinct from the Lowlands of Scotland, the High- lands were long in a state of politi- cal semi-independence. What especially separated this region from the rest of Scotland was not only the Celtic lan- guage and blood, but also the clan sys- tem and all connected with it. ^ HIGH POINT, a city in North Caro- lina, in Guilford co., on the Southern Vol. V — Cyc — A eluding furniture mills, car shops, wagon factories, silk mills, etc. Pop. (1910) 9,525; (1920) 14,302. HIGH-PRESSURE, operated by a large measure of force of some sort. A high-pressure alarm in a steam en- gine is an alarm intended to give notice of a dangerous head of steam, and to prevent an explosion of a steam genera- tor. A high-pressure engine is a steam engine, condensing or non-condensing, in which the safety-valve is loaded (United States) with a weight equiva- lent to a boiler-pressure of 35 pounds to the square inch. The term "high- pressure" has a very indefinite significa- tion; condensing engines are often called "low-pressure," and non-condensing en- gines "high-pressure," but the question of condensing is not necessarily one of pressure. HIGH PRIEST, the chief priest in any faith, he who occupies the highest place in the hierarchy, as the Pontifex Maximus among the Romans. In Juda- ism, the divinely-appointed head of the Jewish hierarchy. The first to hold office was Aaron. The high priests were to be without blemish, were to avoid eating things which died of themselves, or marrying a widow or a divorced per- son. They were not to make mourning for private or domestic sorrows. The Romans were afraid of the influence likely to be acquired by so exalted a spiritual functionary and apparently ap- pointed a new one every year (John xviii: 13). HIGH SCHOOLS, a term which means, in the United States, the schools supported by the public, in which the tuition generally is free, and which pre- pare both sexes for their higher educa- tion in the universities and colleges. The German equivalent of the term (Hochschulen) is the name officially given to the German universities. A school established in Edinburgh about 1575 which was below a university in its standards was termed a high school. But practically the term now means a component part of the public school system of the United States. It is here used to distinguish it from the private schools or academies which before 1825 were the only schools in the United States beyond the elementary and grain- mar schools. Between 1820 and 1830 the high schools came into existence, among the first being the Central High School of Philadelphia, the Free Acad- emy of New York which later became the College of the City of New York,
