JAT 243 JECONIAH is 1500 miles; area of its drainage basin, 320,000 square miles. JAY, the popular name of Garrulus glandarius, a species of Corvidx, of a vinous red color; the back pale gray; the rump and upper tail coverts white; the tail black or gray, with bluish-gray bars ; the wing coverts light gray; the bastard wing or primary coverts barred with black or bright cobalt blue ; head with an erectile crest; forehead white, streaked with black. Length about 13 inches. It is a beautiful bird, but attacks peas and other garden crops. It also eats worms, larvae, and snails. It is often kept as a cage bird. The common blue jay, Cyano- citta cristata, is found over a large por- tion of North America. The green jay of the United States is Xanthura luxu- osa. The long-tailed blue jays are also arranged under Xanthura, though they have not the yellow tail which the gene- ric name suggests. JAY, JOHN, an American statesman; born in New York City, Dec. 12, 1745; graduated at King's College (now Co- lumbia University) in 1764; admitted to the bar in 1768. Elected to the 1st Con- tinental Congress in 1774, and re-elected in 1775, he prepared addresses to the people of Great Britain and Canada, and to his own countrymen; drafted the con- stitution of New York State in 1777, and was appointed chief -justice of the State; was returned to Congress in 1778 and elected its president, and in the follow- ing year was sent as minister to Spain. In 1782 he was added by Congress to the peace commissioners, and it was mainly by his efforts that the treaty was brought to a conclusion on terms so sat- isfactory to the United States. In 1784- 1789 he was secretary for foreign affairs. On the adoption of the National Consti- tution in 1789 he wrote in its favor in the "Federalist"; and after the organ- ization of the Federal Government, Washingfton having offered him his choice of the offices in his gift, he select- ed that of chief-justice of the Supreme Court. In 1794 he concluded with Lord Grenville the convention familiarly known as "Jay's treaty," which provided for the recovery by British subjects of pre-revolutionary debts and by Ameri- cans of losses incurred by illegal cap- ture by British cruisers, and the deter- mination of the E. frontier of what is now the State of Maine ; the British were to surrender the W. posts held by them in 1786, and there was to be reciprocity of inland trade between the United States and British North America. The treaty, though favorable to the United States, was passionately denounced by the Democrats as a surrender of Ameri- can rights and a betrayal of France; but it was ratified by Washington in August, 1795. Jay was governor of New York from 1795 to 1801. Then, though offered his former post of chief- justice, he retired from public life, and passed the remainder of his days at his estate of Bedford, Westchester co., N. Y., where he died, May 17, 1829. JEANNE D'ALBRET (zhan-dal-bra') , the Calvinistic mother of Henry IV. of France through whom he succeeded to Navarre and Beam. She was born in 1528 and died in 1572. JEANNE D'ARC. See JOAN OF Arc. JEANNETTE, a borough in Pennsyl- vania, in Westmoreland co. It is on the Pennsylvania Railroad. It is an import- ant industrial community having manu- factures of window glass, tableware, rubber goods, etc. Pop. (1910) 8,077; (1920) 10,627. JEAN PAUL. See Richter. JEBB, RICHARD CLAVERHOTJSE, a Scotch classical scholar; born in Dun- dee, Aug. 27, 1841. He was educated at St. Columba's College, Dublin, the Char- terhouse, London, and Cambridge Uni- versity, and was graduated as senior classic at Trinity College in 1862. In 1869 he became public orator of that uni- versity, and in 1875 he was called to fill the Greek chair in Glasgow University, which he resigned in 1889, on being ap- pointed Greek Professor at Cambridge. His best known works are "The Attic Orators"; "Modern Greece"; a "Life of Richard Bentley"; "Homer: an Introduc- tion to the Iliad and Odyssey"; and an edition of Sophocles. He died in 1905. JEBIS, or JEBISU, the Neptune of Japanese mythology, specially revered by fishermen. JEBUSITES, one of the chief tribes of the land of Canaan; they dwelt in the mountains to the W. of the Dead Sea, and to the N. of the Hittites. Their capital was Jebus, afterward called Salem; and, according to some, was the site, at a later period, of the city of Jerusalem. JECONIAH, King of Judah, began his reign at the age of 18, about 599 B. c. He sat on the throne, however, only a short time, being carried prisoner to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar, when the latter took Jerusalem. He remained in captivity till the year 560 B. c, and was then placed by Evil-Merodach among the princes of his court. Zedekiah, his brother, succeeded him.
