JOINVILLE 275 JOMINI he served incognito in the Franco-Prus- sian war, 1870-1871; in 1873 he was elected to the French Assembly. He died in Paris, France, June 17, 1900. JOINVILLE, JEAN, SIEUR DE (zhwangr-vel'), a noted French chroni- cler; born in Champagne, France, in 1224. He took part in Louis IX.'s cru- sade, and on his return spent his leisure composing his invaluable "Memoirs," which embody the important "History of Saint Louis," sometimes treated as a separate work. He died July 16, 1317. j6kAI, MAURUS (yo'ko-i), a Hun- garian novelist; born in Komora, Feb. 19, 1825. He studied law, but never practiced. From 1846 he edited several important periodicals. During the Hun- MAURUS j6kai garian struggle of 1848 he was an ac- tive patriot but after the restoration of Austrian rule was forced to abandon po- litical writing and turned to fiction. He wrote nearly 300 volumes, including nov- els, dramas, poems, etc. In January, 1894, all Hungary united in celebrating the 50th anniversary of his first book, "Working Days," and an edition de luxe of his complete works was published, gnroups of poor people and whole villages combining to purchase copies. He was married in 1848 to Rosa Laborfalvi, the greatest of Hungarian actresses. His best-known works are: "Poor Rich Men," "The World Turned Upside Down," "The Romance of the Next Cen- tury," "Black Diamonds," "Eyes Like the Sea," "The Accursed Family," "Ti- mar's Two Worlds," "The Green Book," "Pretty Michal," "Midst the Wild Car- pathians," "In Love with the Czarina," "Dr. Dumany's Wife" (1898). Died 1904. JOKJAKARTA (yok -ya-kiir ' ta) , a residency of Java, in the central part of the island; area, 1,191 square miles; pop. about 500,000, nearly all Javanese (see Java). Capital, Jokjakarta, with the sultan's palace and ruins of ancient temples; pop. 8,000. JOLIET, a city and county-seat of Will CO., 111., on both sides of the Des Plaines river, on the Illinois and Michi- gan canal, and on the Atchison, To- peka and Santa Fe, the Rock Island and Pacific and other railroads; 40 miles S. W. of Chicago. The city contains the Silver Cross and St. Joseph's Hospitals, State penitentiary, and St. Francis and St. Mary Academies, public library, high school, and Swedish Orphan Home; is largely concerned in the steel industry; and has manufactories of steel and barbed wire, stove and boiler works, ma- chine shops, tin plate and horse-shoe works, boot and shoe factories and flour mills. There are electric lights and street railways, National banks, daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals. Pop. (1910) 34,670; (1920) 38,372. JOLIET, LOUIS, a French-Canadian explorer; born in Quebec, Canada, Sept. 21, 1645. Educated for the priesthood, he became a merchant. In 1672 he was commissioned by Frontenac, the governor of New France, to make explorations in that country, and in 1673, in company with Father Marquette, a Jesuit priest, and five other Frenchmen, he explored the Fox, Wisconsin, Illinois, and Mis- sissippi rivers. He died in May, 1700. JOLLYBOAT, a small boat used for the general miscellaneous work of the ship, such as bringing off, marketing, etc. A boat of this kind attached to United States vessels of war is called a dingy. JOMELLI, NICCOLO (yo-mel'le), an Italian composer; born in Naples, Italy, Sept. 11, 1714. He was the author of 36 operas, which were generally very popular. His celebrated "Requiem" and "Miserere" are often played in Ro- man Catholic Churches. He died in Na- ples, Italy, Aug. 28, 1774. JOMINI, BARON HENRI (zho-me- ne'), a Swiss writer on military sci- ence; born in Payerne, Vaud, Switzer- land, March 6, 1779. He joined the Swiss Guards at Versailles, and rose to be chief of the staff to Marshall Ney. In 1804 he attracted the notice of Na- poleon by his "Treatise on Large Mili- tary Operations." He distingjuished
