LIVY 499 LIZARD The fisheries are valuable. The Livon- ians proper, a Finnic race akin to the Esthonians, have dwindled. Capital, Riga; pop. about 560,000. In the second year of the World War (1914-1918) the ' Russians dismantled the factories and removed all valuables from public build- ings to save them from the Germans, who sooner or later would attack the city. This did not happen until 1917, the Germans taking the city on Sept. 3 of that year. By the terms of the Brest- Litovsk peace, signed by the Bolsheviks, March 3, 1918, about a fourth of Russia was surrendered to the victors, including Livonia. After the armistice of Novem- ber, 1918, it was agreed to that all Ger- man troops should be withdrawn, and that the territory be divided between Latvia and Esthonia. LIVY, TITUS LIVIUS PATAVINUS. a Roman historian of the Augustan age ; born in Patavium (now Padua), Italy, 59 B. c, according to Varro, or in 61 according to Cato; appears to have gone to Rome during the reign of Augustus, where his literary talents soon obtained for him the favor and patronage of the emperor. As an admirer of the ancient institutions of his country, Livy attached himself in opinion to the party of Pom- pey. Augustus, entertaining a sincere regard for the historian, did not allow his friendship and patronage to be af- fected by political opinions, though they seemed to call in question the right by which he ruled the destinies of Rome. Having spent the greater part of his life in the metropolis, he returned in old age to the town of his birth, and there died A._ D. 18, in the 77th year of his age. Livy has erected for himself an enduring monument in his "History of Rome." This great work, which he modestly designated "Annales" (Annals), con- tained the history of the Roman State from the earliest period till the death of Drusus, 9 B. c, and originally consisted of 142 books. Only 35 of these have de- scended to us; of the others, with the exception of two, we possess "Epitomes," or short summaries, but the books them- selves have been entirely lost. LIZARD, the popular English name of numerous reptiles forming the order Lacertilia or Sauria, and having usually two pairs of limbs and an elongated body terminating in a tail. The lizards number more than a thousand species, accommodating themselves to all condi- tions except cold, and increasing in size and number in tropical regions. In some the tongue is thick and fleshy and in others it is divided, while in most cases it is protrusible. Some lizards are vege- table feeders, but for the most part they are carnivorous and live upon small birds, insects, etc. The eggs are de- posited and left to be hatched without FRILLED LIZARD care from the parents. Of the three species found in Great Britain the com- mon lizard {Lacerta vivipara) is the LIZARDS A. Draoo volans (Malayan) B. Ldcerta Viridis (European) most widely distributed; the sand lizard {Lacerta agilis) is confined to portions of England, and the green lizard (Lacer- ta viridis) is found on the island of
