HORATIUS COCLES 5 grief so enraged Horatius that he stabbed her. For this he was con- demned to death, but his father and the people obtained his pardon. HORATIUS COCLES, a hero of an- cient Rome. The Tarquins having, af- ter their banishment, sought refuge with the Etrurian king Porsenna, the latter advanced against Rome (507 B. c.) to re- store them. According to tradition Ho- ratius Codes, along with two compan- ions, held the Sublician bridge against the enemy while the Romans broke it dov/n behind them. When this was nearly finished he sent back his two companions, and as the bridge fell he plunged into the Tiber in full armor and safely reached the opposite bank. HORATIUS FLACCUS, QUINTUS, commonly known as HORACE (q.v.), HORDEIN (-hor'din), a term that has been applied to a substance that can be extracted from barley, which is merely a mixture of starch, cellulose, and a somewhat nitrogenous matter. HOE.EB, a mountain belonging to the same ridge as Mount Sinai, where is still pointed out the rock from which water issued at the blow of Moses. HOREHOUND, or HOARHOUND, in botany, a plant so hoary as to be almost woolly; the leaves are broadly ovate and crenate; the whorls of flowers dense; wild in Continental Europe, North Africa, Western and Southern Asia, etc. Black or stinking horehound is Ballota nigra, or the genus Ballota; wild hore- hound, Ewpatormm texicrifolhim. The plant contains a bitter principle and a volatile oil, used as a tonic, expectorant, and alterative for coughs. HORICON (ho're-kon), a name ap- plied to Lake George by the novelist Cooper. The Red Men called the lake Andialarocte. Jogues, the French mis- sionary pioneer, named it St. Sacra- mente, because he discovered it the day before that festival. HORIZON, the visual circle of the firmament. The term "sensible," "vis- ible," or "physical" horizon is often used, though not quite accurately, for a plane supposed to be extended from the observer's eye at right angles to a ver- tical line at the place and extending to the celestial vault. The horizon conven- ient for astronomical purposes, and called the astronomical, or rational hori- zon, is different from this. The specta- tor's eye is supposed to be, not at the surface, but at the center of the earth, with the planet transparent enough not to impede vision. In geology the term [ HORN, CAPE is used with regard to the apparent age of strata. Strata which appear, broadly speaking, contemporaneous or homotaxial are said to be on the same horizon. HORIZON, ARTIFICIAL, a shallow basin of mercury, covered, when neces- sary, to protect it from the wind, with a roof made of glass plates whose sur- faces are parallel. It is used in connec- tion with a sextant in observations on land, and it derives its name from the contradistinction to the sea (or natural) horizon which is used by navigators. HORN, a substance which may be di- vided into two distinct classes. First, the branched, bony horns of the stag genus, and the simple, laminated horns of the ox genus, and other kindred gen- era. The first of these kinds of horn is applied to the same purposes as bone and ivory, and the manufacture is al- most similar. The other kind of horn, found in the ox, antelope, goat, and sheep, consists of a number of conical sheaths inserted one into another, the innermost resting upon the vascular membrane covering the bony core. The tip is very dense, and the layers of which it is composed are scarcely distinguish- able. This kind of horn appears to con- sist of coagulated albumen; and there is a regular connection between horns, nails, claws, hoofs, scales, hair, feathers, and even skin. The horns of oxen are the principal ones used for manufactur- ing purposes; the horns of bulls and cows being preferred to those of bul- locks, which are thin and of a coarse texture. The horns of goats and sheep are whiter and more transparent than those of any other animals. In horn manufacture, the first process necessary is to remove the core which is forming bone ash, a substance valuable in making cupels for assaying purposes. They are also used in other ways — for making glue, stiffening for cloth dresses, and for manure. The solid tip of the horn, after being sawn off, is used for making knife handles, umbrella handles, etc. After being divided into thin laminffi, the remainder of the horn is used for various purposes. Hoofs and horn cuttings are used for making prus- siate of potash and prussian blue; and the clippings of the combmaker are used as manure. An artificial horn is made from the gelatine obtained from bones by muriatic acid, and converting it into a horny substance by tanning. HORN, CAPE, commonly spoken of as the extreme S. point of America, is a steep, black, bare mountain headland of one of the small islands of the Fuegian Archipelago. It was named Hoorn, an-
