PICAYUNE 243 PICHINCHA in 1881, and early developed a post-im- pressionist style which came to be called Cubism, of which he is held to be the originator. Light and shadow became the chief elements in his work which aimed at psychical suggestion over the distinct physica* representation. His aim is the depth and perspective that lie beneath the superficies to which paint- ing is apparently confined. His work in painting and sculpture attracted the chief attention at the International Ex- hibition of Modern Art in New York in 1913. PICAYUNE, the name of a Spanish half real in Florida, Louisiana, etc. PICCOLO, a small flute, having the same compass as the ordinary orchestral flute, but its sounds are one octave higher than the notes as they are writ- ten; called also an octave flute. Also, an organ stop of two feet length, the pipes are of wood, the tone bright and piercing. Also, a small upright piano, about three feet and a half high; used for certain brilliant effects. knowledge of his projects, when he pur- posed to attack the emperor. In spite of this he made himself the chief in- strument of Wallenstein's overthrow, and after the latter's assassination (1634) was rewarded with a portion of his estates. PICCO PIPE, a small pipe, having two ventages above and one below. It is blown by means of a mouth-piece like a flute a bee or whistle; and in playing, the little finger is used for varying the pitch by being inserted in the end. The player, Picco, after whom it was named, produced a compass of three octaves from this primitive instrument. PIC DU MIDI, a summit of the Pyre- nees, 9,466 feet high, in the S. E. corner of the French department of Basses- Pyrenees. OCTAVIO PICCOLOMINI PICCOLOMINI, a distinguished Sien- nese family, still flourishing in Italy in two branches. The two most celebrated members are: (1) ^neas Sylvius Bartholom^eus, afterward Pope Pius II. (2) OcTAVio, a grand-nephew of the first; born in 1599, died in Vienna In 16*86. He served in the armies of the German emperor, and became one of the distinguished generals in the Thirty Years' War. He was a favorite of Wallenstein, who intrusted him with a CHARLES PICHEGRU PICHEGRU, CHARLES (peezh'groo), a French military officer; born in Ar- bois, France, Feb. 16, 1761, of humble parents, but receiving a good education under the monks of his native town. Entering the army he soon rose to the rank of general and in 1794 succeeded General Hoche in the command of the Army of the North. He shortly after relieved Landau, and compelled the Eng- lish to evacuate the Netherlands. He next marched into Holland, of which he made a complete conquest, and, in 1797, was elected a member of the Legislative body; but his opposition to the Direc- tory, and his speeches in favor of the royalist emigrants, occasioned an ac- cusation against him as designing to re- store royalty. Without trial he was transported to Cayenne, whence he es- caped to England. In 1804 he returned to Paris, was again apprehended and sent to the Temple, where he was found strangled in his bed, April 5, 1804. PICHINCHA, "boiling mountain," the most populous province of Ecuador, en»-
