SAXOPHONE 268 SCAB burg; other towns are Halle (with a uni- versity), Erfurt, and Halberstadt. Pop. about 3,150,000. SAXOPHONE, the name of a family ©f musical instruments invented by A. Sax (see Saxhorn). They consist of a conical brass tube, sounded by a mouth- piece furnished with a single reed similar to that of the clarinet, and are made in as many different keys as the saxhorn. The contralto and baritone are mostly used in Great Britain; but in France all the varieties are more or less used. They have 20 holes covered by keys and studs for the first three fingers of each hand, and are all fingered alike. They are greatly valued in military music, but are not much used in the orchestra. SAYCE, ARCHIBALD HENRY, an English Orientalist; born near Bristol, England, Sept. 25, 1846. His works ex- tend over various fields and are of great importance for comparative philology and history. They Include: "Assyrian Grammar for Comparative Purposes" (1872) ; "Lectures on the Assyrian Lan- guage" (1877) ; "Babylonian Literature" (1877) ; "Ancient Empires of the East" (1884); "Assyria" (1885); "The Hit- tites" (1889); "Records of the Past" (new series, 1889-1892) ; "Life and Times of Isaiah" (1889) ; "The Races of the Old Testament" (1891); "Social Life among the Assyrians and Babylonians" (1891) ; "The Higher Criticism and the Verdict of the Monuments" (1894) ; "The Egypt of the Hebrews and Herodotus" (1895) ; "Patriarchal Palestine" (1895) ; "Early History of the Hebrews" (1897) ; "Israel and the Surrounding Nations" (1898) ; "Babylonians and Assyrians" (1900) ; etc. Special mention should be made of his "Principles of Comparative Philol- ogy" and "Introduction to the Science of Language," which have passed through many editions. SAYRE, LUCIUS ELMER, an Ameri- can educator, born at Bridgeton, N. J., in 1847. He studied at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, and was in busi- ness as a manufacturing chemist, from 1882 to 1885. From 1880 to 1885 he was an instructor in the Philadelphia Col- lege of Pharmacy, and from 1885 was dean of the School of Pharmacy at the University of Kansas. He was a mem- ber of the Revision Commission of the United States Pharmacopoeia from 1890, and from 1907 was director of drug an- alysis for the State Board of Health of Kansas. He wrote "Organic Materia Medica and Pharmacognosy"; "Essen- tials of Pharmacy," and contributed ar- ticles on pharmaceutical subjects to magazines. SAYRE, THEODORE BURT, an Amer- ican author and playwright, born in New York in 1874. He was educated in pri- vate schools in New York and the New York College of Pharmacy. From 1899 to 1914 he was a reader of plays and a critic for Charles Frohman. His pub- lished movels include "Two Summer Girls and I" (1898); "Tom Moore" (1902). Among his numerous plays are "Tom Moore" (1901) ; "O'Neill of Derry" (1907) ; "The Commanding Officer" (1910) ; "Love's Young Dream" (1912) ; "The Irish Dragoon" (1915) ; "The Irish Fifteenth" (1916); "Lucky O'Shea" (1917). SAZONOFF, SERGI DIMITRIE- VITCH, a Russian statesman, born in 1861. In 1890 he was appointed second secretary to the Russian Embassy in London, where he obtained his first dip- lomatic training. Here he remained for two years, then, after filling a number of posts in European cities, he returned to London in 1904 as Councillor of the Embassy. It was shortly after that he distinguished himself by his handling of the Dogger Bank incident, when the Russian fleet, bound for the Orient, fired on a number of fishing vessels on the Dogger Bank, in the belief that it had been attacked by a Japanese submarine As a result of this triumph, Sazonoff was sent as Minister to the Vatican, in 1906. Three years later he was recalled to Russia to assist Minister of Foreign Af- fairs Isvolsky, whom he succeeded in 1910. He was still holding this post in 1914, at the outbreak of the World War, and had a powerful influence in drawing the British and Russian governments close together. In 1916 he was forced to re- sign, which was the first incident to arouse the suspicion of the Allied world that the Russian Government was not entirely sincere in its desire to defeat Germany in the war. Since the Revolu- tion of 1917, and especially after the coming into power of the Bolsheviki, in November of that year, Sazonoff has been an exile abroad, where he has rep- resented certain anti-Bolshevist elements among the Russians. SCAB, in sheep, like itch in man, or mange in horses or dogs, depends on the irritation of three varieties of minute acari, some of which burrow in the skin, especially if dirty and scurfy, causing much itching, roughness, and baldness. The parasite readily adheres to hurdles, trees, or other objects against which the affected sheep happen to rub themselves, and hence is apt to be transferred to the skins of sound sheep. Chief among the approved remedies are diluted mercurial ointments, tobacco dip, turpentine and
