SHAW "375 SHAW nected with the Canadian Pacific railway. In 1901 he was knighted and in 1907 was made a baron. SHAW, ALBERT, an American editor; born in Shandon, Butler co., Ohio, July 23, 1857; was educated at Iowa College and Johns Hopkins University. After 1891 he was the editor of the American "Review of Reviews." Included in his publications are: "Icaria: a Chapter in the History of Communism" (1884) ; "Co-operation in a Western City" (1886) ; "The National Revenue" (1888) ; "Mu- nicipal Government in Great Britain"; "Municipal Government in Continental Europe"; "Outlook of the Average Man" (1907); "Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career" (1910), etc. SHAW, ANNA HOWARD, an Ameri- tan woman suffragist and publicist, born in Newcastle-on-Tyne, England, in 1847. She was brought to the United States in her childhood and graduated from the Boston Theological School, in 1878. She was ordained to the Methodist ministry, but was not allowed to preach on account ANNA HOWARD SHAW of her sex, and in 1880 she was ordained by the Methodist Protestant Church, be- ing the first woman ordained in that body. She became active as a suffrage lecturer in 1885, and continued to lecture on be- half of the movement for the remainder of her life. From 1904 to 1915 she was president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, and from 1915 was honorary president. She was one of the most brilliant and effective of American workers for suffrage. She wrote "The Story of a Pioneer." She died in 1919. SHAW, GEORGE BERNARD, a Brit- ish playwright, born in Dublin, Ireland, in 1856. He attended school until he was fifteen, when he became a clerk in a real estate office, which position he held for five years, until he left his native city to seek a career as a journalist in London. For more than ten years he gained a GEORGE BERNARD SHAW precarious livelihood as a "free lance" journalist, meanwhile devoting his spare time to writing novels. Most of these early works were published serially in Socialist papers and magazines, and at- tracted little general attention. Among them are "Cashel Byron's Profession" (in book form, 1886) ; "An Unsocial Social- ist" (1899) ; and "Love Among the Art- ists" (1900). In 1885 Shaw became dramatic critic of the "Pall Mall Gazette" and, later, of "The Saturday Review," and began immediately to attract public attention by his masterly reviews. From this first association with the stage, he began to write plays himself, the first few of which were produced and gained him considerable reputation, but did not prove financially successful. Among these were "Widowers' Houses" (produced at the Independent Theater, 1892) ; and "Arms and the Man" (1894). The turn- ing point in his favor came in 1904, when
