SMITH 468 SMITH public notorieties, in a set of pieces pur- porting to be among the real addresses sent in to the committee but declined. Hence the volume of "Rejected Ad- dresses," which by 1819 had reached its 16th edition, and is a livingly familiar classic still. v Its travesties are hardly caricatures so much as genuine reproduc- tions of the spirit as well as manner of their subjects. Horace subsequently pub- lished many novels and poems, the best- known among them being the "Ode to an Egyptian Mummy." James was after- ward. a well-known diner-out, entertainer, and contributor to periodical literature in his day; his best-known pieces are "The Taking of Sebastopol" and "Surnames Go by Contraries." James died Dec. 26, 1839 ; Horace, July 12, 1849. SMITH, J (AMES) ALLEN, an Ameri- can educator, born at Pleasant Hill, Mo., in 1860. He was educated at the Uni- versities of Missouri and Michigan. From 1895 to 1897 he was professor of econom- ics and sociology at Marietta College, Ohio. In 1897 he became professor of political science at the University of Washington, serving also as dean of the graduate school since 1909. He wrote: "Multiple Money Standard" (1896) ; "The Spirit of American Government" (1907). SMITH, JAMES FRANCIS, an Amer- ican jurist, born in San Francisco, Cal., in 1859. He was educated in Santa Clara College and at Hastings Law School and was admitted to the bar in 1881. In April, 1898, he became colonel of the First California Regiment, U. S. V. With it he saw service in the Philippines from June, 1898, until June, 1901. Besides participating in many engagements he served as military governor of the Island of Negros and as collector of customs of the Philippine Archipelago. He was mentioned in dispatches for gallantry and was promoted Brigadier-General, U. S. V., in 1899. In 1901 he was associate justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines; from 1903 to 1906 he was a member of the Philippine Commission and secretary of public instruction for the Philippine Islands; from 1906 to 1909 governor -gen- eral of the Philippine Islands; and since 1910 associate justice of the United States Court of Customs Appeals. SMITH, JESSIE WILCOX, an Ameri- can artist, born in Philadelphia. She was educated privately and studied art at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, and at Drexel Institute. From 1890 she was engaged as an artist and illustrator. She was especially known for her skill in por- traits of children. She contributed to most of the important magazines, and illustrated many books. SMITH, JOHN, an English adveu turer, the founder of Virginia; born in Willoughby, in Lincolnshire, England, in January, 1579. Of a daring spirit, long- ing for a larger and more adventurous life, he early served in the Netherlands as a soldier in the cause of liberty. He then traveled in France, visited Egypt and Italy, and, about 1602, greatly distin- guished himself in the wars of Hungary against the Turks, gaining the favor of Sigismund Bathori, Prince of Transylva- nia. Wounded and taken prisoner by the Turks, he was sold as a slave, was harsh- ly treated in the Crimea, and made his escape. Rumors of war in Morocco at- tracted him thither, and thence he re- turned to England about 1606. Smith entered with enthusiasm into the project of colonizing the New World, and with Gosnold, Wingfield, Hunt, and others set out in December, 1606, with a squad- ron of three small vessels for Virginia, under the authority of a charter granted by James I. Amid the unhappy dissen- sions, difficulties, and distress of the first years of the great enterprise, Smith ren- dered the most important services by hi? irrepressible hopefulness, practical wis- dom, and vigorous government. But for his wisdom and noble exertions the project would probably have been abandoned. He made important geographical explora- tions and discoveries. In 1607, ascending the Chickahominy, and penetrating into the interior of the country, Smith and his comrades were captured by the Indians, and he only, by his rare self-possession, escaped with life. He remained a pris- oner for some weeks, carefully observed the country, got some knowledge of the language of the natives, and when at last they were going to put him to death he was saved by the affectionate pleading of Pocahontas, the daughter of the chief, Powhatan, a girl 10 or 12 years old. Re- conducted to Jamestown, Smith had need of all his energy to cheer the desponding colonists. In the summer of 1608 he ex- plored in an open boat the Bay of Chesa- peake and its tributary rivers, a navi- gation of nearly 3,000 miles. He also penetrated inland, established friendly re- lations with the Indians, and prepared a map of the country. On his return from this great expedition he was made presi- dent of the colonial council. In 1609 he was severely injured by an accidental ex- plosion of gunpowder, and without re- ward for his splendid services, except in his own conscience and the applause of the world, returned to England. He vis- ited Virginia in 1614, was captured by the French in the following year, and on his return to London after three months heard of the arrival of his Indian friend Pocahontas. Smith made known her serv-
