40 TIlE CONDOR VOL. XII as to the constant characteristics of the species in question, more especially as re- gards the females, seem to warrant the offering of the results of a careful study by my brother and myself of a large series of A?ddus tricolor, A. phoeniceus, and ,4. ?ubernalor, during which, however, no attempt was .made to differentiate the two latter. Before setting forth these supposedly heretofore t?nnotist characteristics of tricolor, it seems advisable to enumerate in composite and elaborated form such I*ig. 14. WING-TIPS OF MALES OF `4GEL`4IU$ PHOENICEU$, `4. GUBERN`4TOR Alq'D .4. TRICOLOR. SHOWING RELATIVE I.ENGTHS OF PRIMARIES IN THE THREE FORMS constant factors as we have been able to confirm of those laid down for this species in the Key to North American Birds, 4th and 5th editions, of Coues, and Birds of North and Middle America, Ridgway, the best authorities at our command during this work, as follows: Male, lesser wing-coverts dark red (like venous blood) bordered by middle wing-coverts of pure white during the period of breeding, and of old ivory white to Fig. 15. XVIN;-TII'.% OF FHMAI,ES {fl' THE tHREE FL}R?.Ifi. AS a,B{)X'H light buff during the fall, winter and spring months, and immaturity; occasionally partially or wholly black in the latter phase. Male and female, plumage more glossy and of silky texture to the touch: only approacht by phoeniceus and gubernator during immaturity. Male and female adults in other than breeding plumage, and iramatures, show grayis? brown feather edgings; when present in phoeniceus and gubernator, such edgings are always rusty or rufous. Male and female, bill more slender than.in the other forms of this genus.
