TREEN— TREMATON CASTLE well-wooded estate of the Vyvyan family ; the mansion dates from the early seventeenth century. Sir Richard Vyvyan was one of Cornwall's many devoted Royalists ; he even coined money here with the royal dies, being Master of the Mint, wherewith to pay the king's troops. As a token of gratitude, a rare emotion with Charles II., he was given Vandyck's portrait of the First Charles, and this still hangs on the walls of Trelowarren. A similar attachment to the Stuarts caused a later representative of the family to be imprisoned by George I., under suspicion of favouring the Pretender. Tremayne, an old house at no great distance, belonged to the same family; and here was born Wallis, the discoverer of Otaheite. Tremayne means the " three stones " ; its church was dedi- cated to St. Winwaloe. Another seat of the Vyvyans is Trewen, near St. Columb Major, erected in 1633, or more probably restored at that date, part of the existing building being certainly earlier. The fine granite entrance- hall is of Elizabethan style if not date. Trematon Cnst/e (2 m. W. of Saltash) was probably a fortified place long before record, but history itself can trace it back to the time of the Confessor. It is mentioned in Domesday. After being held by the Valletorts, the estate was granted by Edward III. to the Dukes of Cornwall in perpetuity. Saltash sprang up under the protection of the lords of Trematon. During the Cornish religious rebellion the place was taken and sacked ; but it again proved 245
